长期保护实践对集中和分散来源的农业土壤损失的影响
H G Momm1, R ElKadiri1, R L Bingner2
1Department of Geosciences, Middle Tennessee State University, TN, USA.
Journal of environmental management
|November 12, 2024
概括
保护实践在年度平均沉积物度中减少了60%的土壤侵蚀,但对短暂的沟源来说效果不佳. 极端降水事件显著影响土壤损失,突出进一步研究的需要.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 水文学的水文学
背景情况:
- 土壤侵蚀和农田的沉积物运输带来了重大的环境挑战.
- 保护实践对于缓解土壤损失至关重要,但它们在流域规模上的有效性是复杂的量化.
- 了解综合的时空保护策略对各种侵蚀源的影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查保护实践对板块/和短暂的沟侵蚀在田间和流域尺度上的影响.
- 使用AnnAGNPS模型在保护实施之前和之后量化沉积物负载减少.
- 评估保护实践对不同侵蚀源和极端天气事件的有效性.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自美国农业部保护效应评估项目 (CEAP) 流域流入切萨皮克湾的数据.
- 描述了短暂的峡谷和保护实践,用于田间和流域评估.
- 采用AnnAGNPS流域污染模型模拟三个不同的时间段 (1990-2000,2000-2010,2010-2020) 的沉积物负载.
主要成果:
- 实施的保护实践显示,从短暂的沟来源减少了约10%,从板块/道来源减少了30%.
- 在实施保护措施后,总体年平均沉积物度下降了60%.
- 保护措施在缓解短暂的沟来源的沉积物方面效果不佳,而不是与板块/沟侵蚀相比.
结论:
- 保护实践可以显著降低农业沉积物负载,特别是从板块/层侵蚀.
- 短暂的峡谷侵蚀仍然是一个挑战,需要有针对性的缓解策略.
- 极端降水事件 (复发间隔>250年) 可以大大增加年度沉积物负载,需要对其影响和管理进行研究.
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