重新评估运动中的能量成本:人类的四足与双足行走
Rui Xu1,2,1, Riqiang Bao2,3,1, Yixiang Hu2,3
1Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
International journal of sports medicine
|November 12, 2024
概括
与双脚行走相比,四脚行走显著增加了能源消耗和碳水化合物氧化. 这一发现支持了进化论的理论,并表明四足运动是一种增强健身的活动.
科学领域:
- 人类生理学 人类生理学
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 人类双脚是定义特征,但它的进化起源和能量效率仍在争论中.
- 灵长类动物中常见的四足运动可能为人类进化途径提供了洞察力.
- 了解不同运动方式的代谢成本可以为身体活动建议提供信息.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较人类四足与双足运动的能量消耗和生理反应.
- 调查四足运动的潜力,以提高健身和健康.
- 提供支持或反驳人类进化中的能量优化理论的证据.
主要方法:
- 随机交叉研究与12名参与者.
- 在跑步机上以相同的速度行走的四足人和双足人的比较.
- 测量生理参数:能量消耗,碳水化合物氧化,呼吸率和心率.
主要成果:
- 四足行走显著增加了总能耗4.15卡路里/分钟.
- 在四足运动中,碳水化合物氧化率上升了1.70g/min.
- 更高的呼吸和心率表明,随着四足运动,代谢需求增加.
- 四足行走激活了上肢肌肉和部最大肌肉.
结论:
- 四脚行走需要更多的能量 (254.48%的增加) 比双脚行走在相同的速度.
- 这种运动方式是提高身体活动水平的可行策略.
- 这些发现表明,能源优化在人类高效双脚的进化中发挥了作用.
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