神经发育障碍儿童的医院牙科住院和牙经验:基于人口的记录链接队列研究
Philip J Schluter1,2, Nicholas Bowden3,4, Joanne Dacombe4
1Te Kaupeka Oranga, Faculty of Health, Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
|November 12, 2024
概括
在新西兰,神经发育障碍 (NDD) 的儿童面临着严重的口腔健康不平等,牙科住院率和牙率更高. 针对性干预对于解决这种差异至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 儿科牙科 儿科牙科
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
背景情况:
- 在新西兰,严重的儿童牙和牙科住院病例的比例不断上升.
- 儿童口腔健康现有的不平等.
- 关于神经发育障碍 (NDD) 儿童口腔健康负担的基于人口的有限数据.
研究的目的:
- 估计和比较与非NDD同龄人相比,患有NDD (注意力缺陷多动障碍,自闭症,智力障碍) 的儿童的牙科住院率.
- 分析NDD和没有NDD的儿童在4岁时的病状况.
- 评估NDD相关口腔健康问题的早期查的预测准确性.
主要方法:
- 对于年龄在14岁以下的儿童 (2011-2020年) 的近国家队列,利用了链接的行政数据库.
- 采用考克斯的比例危险回归模型来分析牙科医院入院,将NDD视为时间变化的共变量.
- 截面检查了4岁儿童查 (B4学校检查) 的状况.
主要成果:
- 患有任何NDD指标的儿童在牙科医院入院的危险比率高3.40倍 (95%CI:3.22-3.60).
- 在NDDs (17.6%) 的儿童中,在4岁时可见的患病率高于没有NDDs (14.3%) 的儿童,但预测准确性可以忽略不计 (AUC=0.52).
- 总体而言,3.8%的儿童有NDD的征兆,8.9%的儿童至少有一次住院治疗牙科.
结论:
- 在新西兰,患有NDD的儿童经历了严重的口腔健康不平等.
- 针对性的预防策略和适应的初级口腔卫生服务对于神经多样性儿童至关重要.
- 在B4SC的早期查缺乏预测能力,无法有效缓解这些口腔健康差异.
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