上半圆通道衰变模型:不对称的前庭功能障碍诱导可逆平衡障碍
Sean S Hong1, P Ashley Wackym1,2, Damian J Murphy1
1Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, United States.
Frontiers in neurology
|November 13, 2024
概括
上半圆通道脱声症 (SSCD) 导致平衡问题. 这种动物模型显示了与平衡赤字相关的临时前庭障碍,为SSCD提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 动物模型 动物模型
背景情况:
- 上半圆通道脱声症 (SSCD) 是一种前庭耳障碍,其特征是眼囊中的病态第三移动窗口.
- 症状包括声音引起的头,导电性听力损失,自发声,头痛和视觉障碍.
- 开发了SSCD的蒙古大猩猩模型,其中包括手术创建的脱与自发骨质新生来关闭.
研究的目的:
- 评估蒙古大鼠SSCD模型的可逆性,不对称的前庭损伤影响平衡.
- 在SSCD模型中,将行为平衡缺陷与听觉和前庭功能相关联.
主要方法:
- 成年小鹿被训练在平衡梁和Rotarod任务上.
- 进行了手术前的听觉脑干反应 (ABR) 和部和眼部前庭引起的肌原潜力 (c+VEMP) 测试.
- 进行了左上半圆通道的外科窗体,随后进行了重复的行为和生理测试.
主要成果:
- 手术后的表现显示了Rotarod表现的显著下降,跌幅增加,以及更长的平衡梁穿越时间.
- 损伤在术后第7天左右达到顶峰,并在第14天出现恢复.
- 行为缺陷与残留的听觉值损伤和前庭肌原振幅相关.
结论:
- 在SSCD gerbil模型中,由于异常不对称的前庭输出,可以证明可逆的平衡障碍.
- 行为缺陷的严重程度与前庭功能障碍的程度直接相关.
- 该模型为研究SSCD病理生理学和潜在干预提供了有价值的工具.
相关概念视频
Equilibrium and Balance
4.4K
The inner ear assumes dual functionalities of auditory perception and equilibrium maintenance. The vestibule is the organ responsible for balance. This organ contains mechanoreceptors, specifically hair cells, endowed with stereocilia, which aid in deciphering information regarding the position and motion of our heads. Two intrinsic components, the utricle and saccule, help perceive head position, while the semicircular canals track head movement. Neurological messages initiated in the...
4.4K
The Vestibular System
39.4K
The vestibular system is a set of inner ear structures that provide a sense of balance and spatial orientation. This system is comprised of structures within the labyrinth of the inner ear, including the cochlea and two otolith organs—the utricle and saccule. The labyrinth also contains three semicircular canals—superior, posterior, and horizontal—that are oriented on different planes.
39.4K
Major Somatic Sensory Pathways
898
Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the...
898
Anatomy of the Ear
7.2K
Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
7.2K
Auditory Perception
318
The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the...
318
Indirect Motor Pathways
1.4K
The indirect motor or extrapyramidal pathways originate in the brainstem, the lower portion of the brain that connects it to the spinal cord. They consist of several distinct tracts, each with specialized functions. The four main tracts of the indirect motor pathways are the vestibulospinal tract, the reticulospinal tract, the tectospinal tract, and the rubrospinal tract.
The vestibulospinal tract originates in the vestibular nuclei of the brainstem. The vestibular system detects changes in...
The vestibulospinal tract originates in the vestibular nuclei of the brainstem. The vestibular system detects changes in...
1.4K


