普罗克西米塔卡因对白色6至7岁儿童中环酸的动态的影响
相关实验视频
Updated: Jun 7, 2025

11:19
Guidelines for Elective Pediatric Fiberoptic Intubation
Published on: January 17, 2011
17.4K
Megan Doyle1, Veronica O'Dwyer1, Síofra Harrington1
1School of Physics, Clinical & Optometric Sciences, Centre for Eye Research Ireland, Sustainability & Health Research Centre, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
概括
在6-7岁的白人儿童中,精确的自我折射可以在入环醇化物后20分钟实现. 使用普罗克西米塔卡因化进行预灌,可在10分钟内就能进行可靠的测量.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 儿科光学测量 儿科光学测量
- 临床折射 临床折射
背景情况:
- 准确的折射误差评估对于儿科眼科护理至关重要.
- 目前的循环折射协议通常需要在灌入后等待30分钟的等待期.
- 优化循环药剂的疗效可以减少临床访问的持续时间.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较环醇化物在灌注后10,20和30分钟的疗效,在6至7岁的白人中.
- 为了确定准确的自折值是否可以比标准的30分钟后cycloplegia.
- 调查普罗克西米塔卡因化是否增强了环醇的疗效.
主要方法:
- 有112名年龄在6-7岁的白人儿童参加.
- 一只眼睛接受了普罗西米他卡因化物,然后是环酸化物;另一个只接受了环酸.
- 在插入后的0,10,20和30分钟进行了双眼,开放场自折射.
主要成果:
- 球体等效折射 (SER) 在两只眼睛的插入后20分钟和30分钟没有显著的临床差异.
- 10分钟和30分钟的SER仅在右眼中相当 (与普罗西米塔卡因预灌注).
- 通过布兰德-阿尔特曼分析观察到很高的一致性,同等性测试证实在20分钟和30分钟内±0.50 D内没有临床显著差异.
结论:
- 精确的自我折射可以在白色6至7岁的儿童中在cyclopentolate灌注后20分钟内实现,这可能会缩短临床时间.
- 普罗西米塔卡因的预灌注可以在cyclopentolate后10分钟内进行可靠的测量.
- 需要在不同人群中进一步验证,并确定近代甲后安全排出时间.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Depolarizing Blockers: Pharmocokinetics
310
Depolarizing blockers are administered through intravenous injection. Succinylcholine is the most common choice of depolarizing blockers in emergency clinical practices. Although they have a rapid onset, they readily diffuse away from the motor end plate into the extracellular fluid. They are metabolized by enzymes such as liver butyrylcholinesterase and plasma pseudocholinesterases. This produces a short duration of action, typically 5-10 minutes long, unlike nondepolarizing blockers, which...
310
Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Therapeutic Uses
693
Direct-acting cholinergic agonists have many therapeutic uses in various medical fields. Choline esters, including acetylcholine, have limited clinical utility due to their non-selectivity and short duration of action. Still, acetylcholine and carbachol are applied topically during ophthalmologic surgery to induce miosis. Pilocarpine, a muscarinic and ganglionic stimulator, effectively treats open-angle glaucoma and alleviates xerostomia and dry mouth caused by radiotherapy or Sjögren...
693
Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Pharmacokinetics
1.1K
Direct-acting cholinergic agonists, such as synthetic choline esters and naturally occurring alkaloids, exert their effects by enhancing the actions of acetylcholine and stimulating the parasympathetic nervous system. Synthetic choline esters share structural similarities with acetylcholine. For example, they have a positively charged quaternary ammonium or onium group, contributing to their hydrophilic characteristics. As a result, they are poorly absorbed in the body through oral...
1.1K
Local Anesthetics: Pharmacokinetics
735
The potency and duration of action of local anesthetics (LAs) are determined by their pharmacokinetics. Pharmacokinetics describes how LAs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated from the body. When administered to the vascular tissues, LAs are quickly absorbed and enter the systemic circulation, reducing their localized effects. Adding vasoconstrictors such as epinephrine to LAs reduces their absorption into the systemic circulation, making them clinically effective. The...
735
Cholinergic Antagonists: Pharmacokinetics
411
Cholinergic antagonists—such as antimuscarinics—are available in oral, topical, ocular, parenteral, and inhalational formulations. Most antimuscarinics are oral formulations, while scopolamine is available as a topical patch, and ipratropium and tiotropium are available as inhalation aerosols or powders. Atropine, tropicamide, and cyclopentolate are topically instilled in the eye. Most antimuscarinics are lipid-soluble and readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and...
411
Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Pharmacokinetics
934
Indirect-acting cholinergic agonists, or anticholinesterases, enhance the body's cholinergic activity by inhibiting acetylcholine's breakdown. They are categorized as reversible or irreversible agents based on their mechanism of action. They are further classified into short-acting, intermediate-acting, and long-acting agents based on their duration of action.
Reversible agents containing quaternary amines, such as neostigmine and edrophonium, are not easily absorbed orally because they...
Reversible agents containing quaternary amines, such as neostigmine and edrophonium, are not easily absorbed orally because they...
934

