在瘤学中使用加速批准途径:对 pembrolizumab 的案例研究
Robert Kester1, Sunita Zalani2, Scot Ebbinghaus3
1Global Regulatory Affairs, Merck & Co., Inc., 126 E Lincoln Ave, Rahway, NJ, 07065, USA. robert.kester@merck.com.
Drugs
|November 13, 2024
概括
加速批准途径为癌症药物如pembrolizumab提供了更早的获取机会. 大多数指示转换为传统的批准,转换时间比其他瘤药物更快.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 监管科学 监管科学
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 美国食品和药物管理局 (FDA) 建立了加速批准 (AA) 途径,以加快对严重疾病的新疗法的获取,以满足未满足医疗需求.
- 该AA途径在瘤学中发挥了重要作用,特别是对于免疫检查点抑制剂,如pembrolizumab.
研究的目的:
- 审查pembrolizumab的监管历史,重点关注其利用FDA的AA途径.
- 分析AA指示转换为传统批准的情况,并比较转换时间表.
主要方法:
- 从2014年9月到2024年2月对潘布罗利祖马布的FDA监管决定的审查.
- 对特定指示的加速批准,营销后要求和撤销的分析.
- 对 pembrolizumab 的 AA 转换时间表与其他瘤疗法进行比较.
主要成果:
- 布罗利祖马布在约40%的批准指示中使用了AA途径,包括在瘤学中获得的第一个组织不可知和替代剂量方案批准.
- 截至2024年2月,18个特定指示的AA中的14个已转换为传统批准,转换时间中位数为2.6年.
- 支持美国AA的数据集中的一半也支持其他主要监管市场 (加拿大,欧盟,澳大利亚,日本) 的加速或完全批准.
结论:
- 该AA途径有效地平衡了患者早期获得关键疗法的机会,同时需要确认疗效.
- 及时确认治疗效益和撤销非有益的指示对于AA途径的完整性至关重要.
- 布罗利祖马布的监管旅程强调了加速计划在更快地向患者提供救命瘤治疗方面的重要性.
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