补充和2型糖尿病:一个广泛的系统审查
Maria-Nefeli Georgaki1,2, Sophia Tsokkou3, Antonios Keramas3
1Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloníki, Greece. nefgeor@gmail.com.
Environmental geochemistry and health
|November 14, 2024
概括
补充剂可以改善2型糖尿病的葡萄糖控制和脂质概况. 然而,不一致的剂量和研究持续时间限制了当前关于的发现.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 糖尿病是一种日益严重的全球健康问题.
- 微量元素 (Cr) 正在研究其在葡萄糖代谢和预防糖尿病方面的潜在作用.
- 在2型糖尿病 (T2DM) 中三价 (Cr(III) 补充剂的疗效仍在争论中.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查随机对照研究 (RCT) 关于补充对T2DM的影响.
- 评估不同形式,剂量和干预持续时间对血糖控制和脂质资料的影响.
- 确定T2DM补充的局限性和未来研究领域.
主要方法:
- 2000年1月至2024年1月期间发表的RCT的系统文献综述.
- 搜索的数据库:PubMed,Scopus,ScienceDirect,以及Cochrane. 这些数据库中搜索的是:
- 研究被选为相关性,质量和偏见风险.
主要成果:
- 几项RCT表明Cr(III) 补充 (例如,皮科林酸盐,酵母) 对血糖控制标记物 (FPG,胰岛素,HbA1C,HOMA-IR) 的益处,特别是更长的干预期 (2-6个月).
- 补充剂通过增加HDL和降低甘油三和总胆固醇来显著改善脂质概况,对LDL的影响最小.
- 剂量从50至1000微克/天不等.
结论:
- 补充剂对T2DM患者的血糖控制和脂质概况有潜在的益处.
- 限制包括类型,剂量,补充剂配方和研究持续时间的变化.
- 需要进一步进行高质量的研究,以阐明最佳的补充策略和T2DM预防和治疗的潜在风险.
相关概念视频
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
2.2K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
2.2K
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
2.4K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
2.4K
Carbohydrate Metabolism
10.8K
Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
10.8K
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones
174
Biguanides, particularly metformin (Glucophage), are insulin sensitizers that enhance glucose uptake, thereby reducing insulin resistance. Unlike sulfonylureas, metformin doesn't prompt insulin secretion, which helps to curb hypoglycemia risk. Metformin is beneficial in treating conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome due to its insulin-resistance reduction capability. The drug's primary action involves curtailing hepatic gluconeogenesis, a significant contributor to high blood...
174
Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy
236
The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
236
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications
508
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
508


