在学术医学中种族,性别和教师保留
Taneisha S Scheuermann1, Lauren Clark2, Nasrin Sultana2
1Department of Population Health, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City.
JAMA network open
|November 14, 2024
概括
在学术医学中,教师保留率显示了差异. 代表性不足的少数民族教师和女性比白人教师更早离开,需要改善多元化劳动力的保留策略.
科学领域:
- 医疗教育 医学教育
- 健康劳动力研究 卫生劳动力研究
- 学术医学 学术医学
背景情况:
- 在学术医学中教师保留率低的原因可能是缺乏多样性.
- 了解保留模式对于维持一个强大而多样化的学术医学社区至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查美国医学院内基于性别,学位类型和种族/种族的教师保留差异.
- 识别影响教师缩的因素,并为改善多样性和留学生的战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 来自美国医学院协会的一项队列研究分析了来自美国155所医学院 (1978-2021) 的数据.
- 使用卡普兰-梅尔曲线和考克斯比例危险模型计算了保留率,并估计了耗尽的时间.
- 分析包括超过39万名教职员工,检查性别,种族/种族和终端学位的差异.
主要成果:
- 女性教师的留学时间中位数为8.33年,比男性少1年 (9.35年).
- 确定为多种族或其他种族的教师的保留率最低 (5.42年),其次是美国印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民/夏威夷原住民/太平洋岛民 (6.00年),黑人 (7.78年),亚洲人 (8.00年) 和西班牙裔教师 (9.00年),均低于白人教师 (9.91年).
- 虽然性别保留差距缩小了,但在最近的队列中,男性的保留率下降了.
结论:
- 少数民族教师和女性在学术医学中的代表性不足仍然存在显著的保留差异.
- 最近的趋势表明,男性和女性的留学率正在下降,这突显了针对性干预的迫切需要.
- 加强教师保留工作是培养有经验和多样化的学术医疗工作人员的必要条件.
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