在巴西的老年人中,残疾和相关功能限制的患病率
Rayone Moreira Costa Veloso Souto1, Rafael Belo Corassa1, José Veloso Souto Júnior2
1Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
PLOS global public health
|November 14, 2024
概括
残疾严重影响巴西老年人的功能,特别是收入和教育水平较低的妇女. 促进体育活动的公共卫生举措对这一群体至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 关于残疾人的研究.
背景情况:
- 残疾是一个重要的公共卫生,社会和人权问题.
- 关于老年人的残疾和功能方面的研究仍然有限.
- 这项研究探讨了巴西老年人中残疾的普遍性及其与伴随疾病和功能限制的关联.
研究的目的:
- 为了估计巴西老年人中残疾的患病率.
- 调查残疾,并发病和功能限制之间的关联.
- 确定与较高残疾患病率相关的人口因素.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自国家健康调查-PNS 2019的数据.
- 使用95%置信区间 (CI) 计算的流行率.
- 采用千二测试和多重逻辑回归 (Stata 17.0) 来分析关联,确定p<0.05.05的原始和调整的几率比率 (OR).
主要成果:
- 整体残疾患病率为58.3% (95% CI 57.2-59.4);中度/重度残疾患病率为24.1% (95% CI 23.1-25.1).
- 在女性,失业者,低收入者 (≤1最低工资),低学历者和未婚者中观察到更高的残疾率.
- 患有≥3种并发病的人患有功能限制的几率是4.5倍;患有≥2种残疾的人患有功能限制的几率是对照人群的32.5倍.
结论:
- 残疾是功能限制的关键预测因素,特别是在社会经济地位较低的老年女性中.
- 需要有针对性的公共卫生政策来减轻残疾的影响.
- 作为预防措施,建议鼓励巴西老年人进行体育活动.
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