酶诱导的自然和人工线性聚离子的降解
Vasily Spiridonov1, Alina Lukmanova2, Denis Pozdyshev3
1Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Leninskie gory 1-3, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
Carbohydrate research
|November 14, 2024
概括
可生物降解的聚合物,如甲基酸盐和甲酸显示出控制药物输送的希望. 酶降解降低了颗粒大小,增强了脏排泄,最小的细胞毒性.
科学领域:
- 聚合物科学和材料化学
- 生物材料工程是生物材料的工程.
- 药物输送系统是药物输送系统.
背景情况:
- 聚合物对于制造药物输送系统至关重要,因为它们具有生物相容性,可溶性和无毒性.
- 通过将药物与可生物降解的聚合物矩阵结合,可以实现受控的药物释放.
- 了解聚合物降解对于设计有效和安全的药物载体至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究天然和合成聚合物在水溶液中的酶降解.
- 评估生物降解对聚合物颗粒大小和表面电荷的影响.
- 评估聚合物在降解前和后的细胞毒性,用于药物输送应用.
主要方法:
- 四种聚合物 (酸,氨酸,碳糖甲基纤维素,聚烯酸盐) 被暴露在酸酶和氨基酶中.
- 在酶处理前后使用动态光散射测量了聚合物颗粒大小.
- 对聚合物进行了表面电荷分析和细胞毒性测定 (例如MTT测定).
主要成果:
- 氨酸酶降解了氨酸盐,氨酸盐和碳素甲基纤维素,而氨酸酶只降解了氨酸盐.
- 合成的聚烯酸盐对这两种酶都具有抗性.
- 生物降解使聚合物颗粒大小从100-200nm减少到20-30nm,表面电荷仍然为负;细胞毒性是可以忽略不计的.
结论:
- 特定的酶可以有效地降解某些天然和改性多糖,改变它们的物理特性.
- 由此产生的较小的聚合物颗粒适用于清,这表明改善药物输送的潜力.
- 这些可生物降解的聚合物具有较低的细胞毒性,使他们成为先进药物封装和输送车辆的有希望的候选人.
更多相关视频
10:58Combinatorial Synthesis of and High-throughput Protein Release from Polymer Film and Nanoparticle Libraries
Published on: September 6, 2012
10.4K
10:53Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by π-π Stacking Interactions
Published on: October 10, 2016
14.0K
相关概念视频
01:20Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview
2.1K
The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
2.1K
01:04Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism
2.0K
The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
2.0K
01:28Protein Denaturation
3.9K
The function of proteins depends on their native three-dimensional structure, which is dictated by the amino acid sequence of the specific protein. Folding of the polypeptide chain takes place under specific conditions that energetically favor the folded conformation. In contrast, protein denaturation occurs spontaneously under unfavorable conditions that disrupt the integrity of the folded conformation. Thus, the chemical and physical environment of a protein, such as significant changes in pH...
3.9K
01:17Ion Exchange
555
Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
555
00:57Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism
2.3K
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
2.3K
02:58Regulated Protein Degradation
7.2K
It is vital to regulate the activity of enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic proteins inside the cell. This can be achieved either through creating a balance between their rate of synthesis and degradation or regulating the intrinsic activity of the protein. Both these regulation mechanisms play an essential role in the normal functioning of cells.
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...
7.2K