少数群体自闭症青少年和成年人语言技能差异的服务
Teresa Girolamo1, Alicia Escobedo2, Samantha Ghali3
1School of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, California.
Seminars in speech and language
|November 14, 2024
概括
种族和少数民族的自闭症患者在成人服务方面经历了重大差异,面临着未得到满足的需求和障碍. 了解这些差异对于改善自闭症研究和宣传至关重要.
科学领域:
- 自闭症谱系障碍研究研究
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 来自种族和少数民族背景的自闭症患者在过渡到成年期期间在获得服务方面面临着独特的挑战.
- 现有的研究往往排除了这些人群,限制了我们对特定差异的理解.
- 需要文化敏感的研究来解决服务获取和未满足的需求.
研究的目的:
- 检查收到的服务,未满足的需求,以及少数自闭症青少年和成人的障碍.
- 确定语言能力,非语言智商和自闭症特征是否预测服务利用率.
- 通过基于社区的参与性研究,为宣传提供信息并改善服务提供.
主要方法:
- 以社区为基础的参与式研究 (CBPR) 方法,根据当地环境量身定制.
- 包括73名13-30岁的自闭症参与者及其照顾者.
- 通过行为评估和自我/护理人员关于服务,需求和障碍的报告收集数据,并使用描述和回归方法进行分析.
主要成果:
- 参与者获得了多项服务,但报告了大量未满足的需求和障碍.
- 语言障碍,而不是整体语言成绩,预测了更大的服务接收.
- 更高水平的自闭症特征与未满足的服务需求增加有关.
结论:
- 研究结果强调了自闭症患者群体内的异质性,以及在研究和实践中需要采用交叉方法.
- 语言障碍和自闭症特征是影响服务获取和需求的重要因素.
- 对少数自闭症个体来说,CBPR对于开发有效的,特定于背景的干预措施至关重要.
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