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婴儿和幼儿的短期体重变化:一项观察性研究
Charlotte Margaret Wright1, Ford Hope-McGill2, Harshine Sivakanthan2
1Department of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK charlotte.wright@glasgow.ac.uk.
幼儿的短期体重波动可能很大,可能在短时间内超过预期的增长. 这种变化意味着在不到8周的时间内测量体重增加可能对幼儿具有误导性.
科学领域:
- 儿科生长监测 儿科生长监测
- 婴幼儿健康评估婴幼儿健康评估
- 营养人类学.
背景情况:
- 准确跟踪婴儿和幼儿体重增加对于评估健康发育至关重要.
- 由于饮食和排泄等因素的影响,短期体重变化可能会使生长解释复杂化.
- 了解这些波动是早期儿童可靠的生长监测的关键.
研究的目的:
- 调查幼儿 (婴幼儿) 的短期体重变化.
- 为了确定体重变化和预期体重增加之间的关系.
- 分析年龄,时间和生理输出对体重波动的影响.
主要方法:
- 在3天内对20名婴儿 (2-10个月) 和21名幼儿 (12-35个月) 在家进行称重.
- 父母记录了幼儿的饮食摄入量,液体摄入量和分泌事件 (排尿,排便).
- 分析的重点是"噪音" (受试者体内体重标准偏差) 与预期的成长相比,以及与时间和生理事件的关联.
主要成果:
- 婴儿体重变化 (117克) 低于预期的4周体重增加 (280-1040克).
- 幼儿体重变化 (313g) 超过预期的4周体重增长 (180-230g),约占预期8周体重增长 (359-476g) 的75%.
- 小孩的体重在一夜之间下降,在白天增加,受到最近的饮食和便的影响.
结论:
- 由于短期变化,幼儿体重测量可以波动多达300g.
- 测量不到8周的婴儿体重增加的评估可能不可靠.
- 对幼儿生长的临床解释需要考虑显著的短期体重波动.
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