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系统评估碳信用项目实现的减排成果

Benedict S Probst^1,2,3, Malte Toetzke^4,5, Andreas Kontoleon⁶

¹Net Zero Lab, Max Planck Institute for Innovation and Competition, Munich, Germany. benedict.probst@ip.mpg.de.

Nature communications

|November 14, 2024

概括

碳信用机制必须进行改革,因为碳信用不到16%的碳信用代表了实际的减排. 这一系统性审查突出了碳市场的重要完整性问题,影响了气候战略.

科学领域:

环境科学环境科学
减缓气候变化减缓气候变化减缓
经济学经济学经济学

背景情况:

碳市场对于气候战略至关重要,碳信用机制使减缓项目成为可能.
对碳信用的环境完整性的担忧需要进行系统的评估.

研究的目的:

系统地评估碳信用机制的环境完整性.
量化各种碳减排项目的实际减排成果.

主要方法:

综合了14项关于2346个碳减排项目的研究,使用实验或严格的观察方法.
包括51项关于没有碳信用的类似现场干预的研究.
分析了大约五分之一的总发行碳信用量.

主要成果:

只有不到16%的碳排放额度是真正的减排.
具体的项目类型显示出不同的有效性:炉 (11%),SF6破坏 (16%),避免了森林砍伐 (25%),减少HFC-23 (68%).
风力发电和森林管理改进项目没有显示出统计学上显著的排放减少.

结论:

目前的碳信用机制需要进行根本性改革,以确保对减缓气候变化作出有意义的贡献.
调查结果强调,迫切需要改善碳市场的治理和核查.

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