在墨西哥COVID-19期间肺炎风险的性别差异
Jesús Venegas-Ramírez1, Oliver Mendoza-Cano2, Xóchitl Trujillo3
1Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Jefatura de Servicios de Prestaciones Médicas, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Doroteo López 442, Colima, 28030, Mexico.
Scientific reports
|November 14, 2024
概括
与女性相比,男性在COVID-19大流行期间和之后面临患肺炎的风险更高. 这种基于性别的肺炎风险差异在考虑其他健康因素后仍然存在.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 在全球范围内,COVID-19大流行导致了重大的公共卫生挑战.
- 肺炎是COVID-19的一个常见而严重的并发症.
- 了解人口风险因素对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查COVID-19大流行期间患者的性别与肺炎风险之间的关联以及墨西哥随后的流行阶段.
- 量化肺炎发病率和严重程度的性别差异.
主要方法:
- 使用COVID-19的流行病监测数据进行回顾性队列研究.
- 从2020年2月到2023年8月,对160万成年人实验室确认的COVID-19病例的分析.
- 用通用线性回归模型计算风险比率 (RR) 和95%置信区间 (CI),并根据年龄,病毒基因型和并发症进行调整.
主要成果:
- 肺炎的总体风险为9.3%,男性 (12.0%) 的发病率高于女性 (7.0%).
- 这种肺炎风险的性别差异在所有流行病阶段都是一致的,包括流行病时期.
- 调整后的分析显示,与女性相比,男性患重症的风险比女性高3.3% (RR=1.033,95% CI 1.032-1.034).
结论:
- 患者的性别是影响墨西哥COVID-19相关的肺炎风险的一个重要因素.
- 这些发现强调了在医疗保健规划和针对COVID-19及其并发症的政策制定中需要考虑性别特异性.
- 有针对性的策略可能是必要的,以减轻COVID-19相关肺炎对男性的不成比例影响.
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