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应急行动中心在应急管理公共办公室中的结构
Peter Loebach1, Jacki Chavez2, Andrew De Souza3
1Emergency Services Administration, Arapahoe Community College, Littleton, Colorado. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4484-6684.
Journal of emergency management (Weston, Mass.)
|November 15, 2024
概括
紧急行动中心 (EOC) 使用各种组织模式. 最常见的,即紧急支持功能 (ESF) 模型,面临着有限人员的挑战,这表明定制方法是有效应急管理的最佳方法.
科学领域:
- 应急管理 应急管理
- 公共管理 公共管理
- 组织研究 组织研究
背景情况:
- 紧急行动中心 (EOC) 对于协调各个实体的应急响应至关重要.
- 对于EOC的结构,运营模式以及公共应急管理办公室 (OEM) 内的影响因素的了解有限.
研究的目的:
- 检查OEMs为EOCs使用的组织模型.
- 识别影响模型选择和感知有效性的因素.
- 分析EOC模型与组织约束之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 利用调查和组织文档分析来调查OEM EOC实践.
- 检查了包括紧急支持功能 (ESF),混合,事件指挥系统 (ICS) 和部门结构在内的常用EOC模型.
- 评估了影响模型选择和组织对有效性的感知因素.
主要成果:
- 紧急支持功能 (ESF) 模型是最普遍的,其次是混合,ICS和部门模型.
- 没有单一的EOC模型证明了普遍优越性;有效性取决于背景.
- 由于受过有限培训的员工,ESF模式的有效性受到阻碍,而其他模式更好地适应人员限制.
结论:
- 原始设备制造商采用不同的EOC组织模式,ESF是常见的,但并不总是最佳的.
- 模型的选择应考虑人员的可用性,资源和有效应急管理的司法背景.
- 替代型号可能提供更大的灵活性和适应性,特别是当面临人员限制时.
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