自闭症谱系障碍和没有自闭症谱系障碍的新兴成年人适应性功能的纵向预测因素
Ingrid Nesdal Fossum1,2, Merete Glenne Øie3,4, Stian Orm5,6
1Division Mental Health Care, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Lillehammer, Norway. ingrid.nesdal.fossum@sykehuset-innlandet.no.
Research on child and adolescent psychopathology
|November 15, 2024
概括
年轻人执行功能困难预测自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的成年人适应性功能较低. 针对执行功能 (EF) 的干预措施可能会改善ASD患者的长期结果.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 纵向研究 纵向研究
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的特点是适应性功能显著异质.
- 识别适应性功能预测因素对于开发针对性干预在ASD至关重要.
- 执行功能 (EF) 是关键的认知过程,可能会影响长期结果.
研究的目的:
- 研究自闭症诊断,精神病理学,执行功能 (EF) 和适应性功能之间的纵向关联.
- 在10年的时间内,检查ASD和无ASD个体的适应性功能预测因素.
- 通过了解影响ASD适应性结果的因素,为临床和科学干预提供信息.
主要方法:
- 一项纵向研究在基线 (平均年龄11.8岁) 和10年随访 (平均年龄21.4岁) 评估了66名患者 (26名患有自闭症,40名没有自闭症,智商>70).
- 评估包括自闭症症状,同时发生的精神病理 (自我/父母报告),执行功能 (神经心理测试) 和适应性功能 (韦斯功能障碍评分表).
- 统计分析检查了基线变量与随访适应性功能之间的预测关系.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,患有自闭症的个体报告说,他们的自适应功能明显较低 (赫奇斯的g = 0.92).
- 在童年/青春期更大的执行功能 (EF) 困难预测了新兴成年期更低的适应性功能.
- EF困难比自闭症诊断或同时出现的精神病理症状更强烈地预测了适应性功能.
结论:
- 执行功能 (EF) 在确定自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 患者的长期适应性功能方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 旨在改善青少年EF困难的干预措施可能会提高ASD患者在新兴成年期的适应性结果.
- 了解EF,精神病理和适应性功能之间的相互作用对于全面的ASD支持至关重要.
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