在乳制品生产中实现净零的道路:肠道甲的明显减少是可以实现的吗?
Karen A Beauchemin1, Ermias Kebreab2, Michelle Cain3
1Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada;
Annual review of animal biosciences
|November 15, 2024
概括
在乳制品生产中实现净零温室气体 (GHG) 排放需要大幅减少甲 (CH4) 和其他排放. 虽然育种和料战略显示出前景,但成本和可行性仍然是净零奶牛养殖的障碍.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 气候科学 气候科学
背景情况:
- 乳制品生产对温室气体 (GHG) 排放作出了重大贡献.
- 提高效率降低了温室气体强度,但需要进一步降低.
- 目前对肠道甲 (CH4) 的缓解策略有限且昂贵.
研究的目的:
- 概述在乳制品生产中实现净零温室气体排放所需的多方面的战略.
- 确定减少排放的关键领域,包括肠道CH4,料生产和便管理.
- 讨论当前缓解技术的潜力和局限性.
主要方法:
- 审查现有关于奶牛养殖中温室气体排放的研究.
- 分析减少肠道CH4的策略,例如遗传选择和料添加剂.
- 评估互补的方法,如碳封存和便管理.
主要成果:
- 要实现净零,需要减少>50%的肠道CH4,同时消除来自料,肥和化石燃料的排放.
- 基因选择,饮食重制,料添加剂和疫苗接种为CH4缓解提供了潜在的潜力.
- 完全消除CH4可能会影响牛奶产量;需要进行补偿和去除.
结论:
- 净零乳制品生产需要一个综合的方法,将减排和碳捕获结合起来.
- 克服经济障碍对于实施可用的减缓战略至关重要.
- 需要进一步的创新和政策支持,才能实现净零奶牛养殖.
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