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随着强迫向前与向后的身体转移而产生的生物力学反应:衰老和扰动方向如何改变平衡恢复?
Soroosh Sadeh1, Keng-Hung Shen1, Forouzan Foroughi1
1Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
Human movement science
|November 16, 2024
概括
后向干扰对老年人来说比前向干扰更具挑战性,影响平衡,四肢支和能量吸收. 与年龄相关的平衡调节下降在两个方向都很明显.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 人类运动科学科学 人类运动科学
背景情况:
- 跌倒对老年人来说是一个主要的健康问题,前向和后向跌倒每次占事件的40%以上.
- 平衡调节涉及动态稳定性,四肢支和冲击能量吸收,这些可能因扰动方向而异.
研究的目的:
- 调查扰动方向 (向前与向后) 如何影响平衡稳定性,下肢影响能量吸收和四肢支.
- 为了比较年轻人和老年人的这些影响.
主要方法:
- 13名健康的老年人和13名健康的年轻人站在扰动平台上,采取了修改后的双重姿势.
- 支表面的垂直下降 (76.2毫米) 强加了车身的移动,模拟了向前或向后的扰动.
- 双向混合ANOVA分析了前方稳定边缘 (MoS),干角位移,关节功率和峰值垂直地面反应力 (VGRF).
主要成果:
- 与前进扰动相比,向后扰动导致了更大的MoS,峰值VGRF和峰值脚和关节功率.
- 与年轻人相比,老年人表现出降低的MoS,扰乱四肢峰值VGRF,以及关节和膝关节的峰值力量.
- 前进的扰动带来了更大的动态稳定性挑战,而后向的扰动则强调了四肢支和能量吸收.
结论:
- 扰动方向显著影响平衡控制策略,反向扰动需要更多的肢体支持和能量吸收.
- 在前进和后退扰动情景中,平衡稳定性调节中的与年龄相关的赤字存在.
- 了解这些特定方向和与年龄相关的差异对于开发针对老年人的落预防策略至关重要.
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