对于心血管疾病风险的黑人妇女的自我管理干预措施:系统性文献综述
Emma Church1,2,3, Erika Kelley1,2, Taylor Maniglia1,2
1University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Journal of women's health (2002)
|November 18, 2024
概括
文化定制的自我管理干预措施在降低心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险因素,如高血压 (BP) 在黑人妇女中显示出希望. 这些计划对于改善体重,身体活动和整体心血管健康是可行的和有效的.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 心血管疾病 (CVD) 是黑人女性的主要死亡原因.
- 黑人女性的高血压 (BP) 失控率明显高于非西班牙裔白人女性.
- 心血管疾病负担的差异需要针对黑人妇女制定有针对性的预防计划.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查有关初级预防自我管理干预措施对患有心血管疾病风险因素的黑人妇女有效性的最新文献.
- 评估这些干预措施对可修改的风险因素的影响.
- 发现当前研究中的差距,特别是关于健康的社会决定因素的差距.
主要方法:
- 对2018年9月22日之后发表的研究进行系统性文献综述.
- 在PubMed,Cochrane,CINAHL和PsycINFO数据库中进行的搜索.
- 纳入标准侧重于针对18岁以上黑人妇女至少两种健康实践的自我管理干预措施的前性临床试验.
主要成果:
- 十二项研究符合纳入标准,重点关注体育活动,营养,减肥,知识和血压控制.
- 九项研究报告了至少一个心血管疾病风险因素的统计学上显著改善.
- 关键的改善包括减肥,增加体力活动,更好地控制血压,减少腰围,减少抑郁症.
结论:
- 文化定制的自我管理干预措施对黑人女性来说是可行的.
- 有微弱至中度高的证据支持这些干预措施在降低心血管疾病风险因素方面的有效性.
- 未来的研究应该调查健康和心理健康的社会决定因素在自我管理和心血管疾病风险中的作用.
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