从艾滋病毒和非传染性疾病的卫生保健整合学到的教训在撒哈拉以南非洲
Jessica S van der Mannen1,2, Martin Heine1,3, Samanta T Lalla-Edward4
1Julius Global Health, Department of Global Public Health and Bioethics, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Global heart
|November 18, 2024
概括
在撒哈拉以南非洲,将非传染性疾病 (NCD) 和人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 护理整合起来是可行的. 有不同的模式存在,将其整合到现有的艾滋病毒服务中是最常见的,面临挑战,但提供长期的成本效益.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健管理的管理
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 撒哈拉以南非洲面临着两重负担,即不断增加的非传染性疾病 (NCD) 和持续高的人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 发病率.
- 整合治疗这些慢性疾病的最佳策略尚不清楚.
- 综合护理模式对于管理同时存在的非传染性疾病和艾滋病毒至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 描述和分类非传染性疾病和艾滋病毒在撒哈拉以南非洲的医疗整合模型.
- 识别成功融合的促进者和障碍者.
- 评估综合护理的可行性和潜在成本效益.
主要方法:
- 一篇关于14个来自撒哈拉以南非洲国家的近期案例研究的叙事综述.
- 将整合模式分为三种类型:将非传染性疾病纳入艾滋病毒护理,将艾滋病毒纳入非传染性疾病护理以及同时实施.
- 对报告的促进者,障碍物和健康经济学数据的分析.
主要成果:
- 确定了三个整合模式:将非传染性疾病护理整合到艾滋病毒护理 (8项研究),将艾滋病毒护理整合到非传染性疾病护理 (2项研究) 和同时提供服务 (4项研究).
- 关键的促进者包括员工和患者教育,而障碍则涉及缺乏指导方针和基础设施不足.
- 有利益关方的支持,并指出了挑战和长期成本效益的迹象.
结论:
- 在撒哈拉以南非洲,对非传染性疾病和艾滋病毒的医疗保健整合是可行的.
- 选择的整合模式应与具体的实施背景保持一致.
- 解决已识别的障碍和利用促进者对于成功的整合至关重要.
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