对Babesia spp.进行调查. 在美国东部的野生动物中
Eliza Baker1, Michelle Dennis1, Alex Jensen2,3
1Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN, USA.
International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife
|November 18, 2024
概括
美国东部的野生哺乳动物携带各种各样的巴贝西亚物种,包括新型菌株. 子,狐和臭的感染率很高,而一些物种没有受到感染,这凸显了对动物和人类健康的潜在影响.
科学领域:
- 兽医寄生虫学 兽医寄生虫学
- 野生动物疾病生态学 野生动物疾病生态学
- 分子诊断学 分子诊断学
背景情况:
- 贝贝西亚物种是传播的原生虫寄生虫,感染各种哺乳动物和鸟类的红细胞.
- 关于美国东部食肉动物和中哺乳动物中巴贝西亚多样性的信息有限.
- 了解这些感染对于评估对野生动物,家禽和人类健康的风险至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查来自美国东部野生哺乳动物中巴贝西亚物种的流行率和多样性.
- 在关键的野生动物水库中识别特定的Babesia菌株,如子,狐和臭.
- 评估新型Babesia物种的潜力及其对One Health的影响.
主要方法:
- 基于PCR的Babesia检测针对786只野生哺乳动物的血液,脏和心脏样本中的18SrRNA基因.
- 通过18S.rRNA识别的独特巴贝西亚菌群的细胞染色体c氧化酶子单元1 (cox1) 基因的测序.
- 对Hepatozoon物种的同时感染分析.
主要成果:
- 在子 (Procyon lotor),狐 (Vulpes vulpes,Urocyon cinereoargenteus) 和条纹臭 (Mephitis mephitis) 中观察到高的巴贝西亚阳性率.
- 在弗吉尼亚野马 (Didelphis virginiana) 中发现的阳性率较低;在猎犬,黑熊,土狼,鼠或子中没有检测到任何感染.
- 子上有各种各样的菌株,包括潜在的新型巴贝西亚物种和B. microti-like菌株. 子携带了各种类似于B. microti的菌株,B. lotori和B. sp. "可可". 这就是"可可". 狐只携带了B. vulpes. 的病毒.
- 在子中发现了高Hepatozoon阳性,在子和鼠中发现的比率较低.
结论:
- 美国东部在野生动物群体中拥有丰富多样性的Babesia物种.
- 鉴定出了新的Babesia菌株,特别是在条纹臭和子中,需要进一步调查它们的病原性和宿主范围.
- 调查结果强调了野生动物监测新兴的传播疾病的重要性,这些疾病可能会对动物和家禽的健康产生影响.
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