在合法化之前和之后,艾滋病毒感染者的大麻使用模式
A W Hahn1, S A Ruderman1, R M Nance1
1University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Drug and alcohol dependence reports
|November 18, 2024
概括
大麻合法化并没有显著改变临床护理中艾滋病毒感染者 (PWH) 的大麻使用模式. 在合法化后,目前,每日或严重使用大麻的立即增加没有被观察到.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 药物使用研究研究 药物使用研究
背景情况:
- 大麻的使用是常见的,并可能对艾滋病毒感染者 (PWH) 造成危害.
- 国家层面的立法变化影响了大麻的合法性和可访问性.
- 了解这些变化对PWH的影响对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在大麻合法化之前和之后,检查PWH当前,每日和严重大麻使用的变化.
- 评估立法变革对弱势群体大麻消费模式的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自艾滋病中心综合临床系统研究网络 (CNICS) 队列的数据.
- 在合法化州的三个地点和一个比较地点收集了来自PWH的自我报告的大麻使用数据.
- 使用线性回归来分析大麻使用率的趋势,从合法化前的一年到合法化后的一年.
主要成果:
- 大麻使用率在波士顿,马萨诸塞州,伯明翰,阿拉斯加州和加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥略有增加,在西雅图略有下降.
- 在所有地点,每日大麻使用量略有增加 (<5%).
- 严重的大麻使用 (ASSIST分数≥27) 在所有研究地点下降或停滞.
- 线性回归分析显示,目前,每日或严重的大麻使用在合法化后的流行趋势没有统计学上显著的变化 (p>0.05).
结论:
- 大麻合法化并没有导致在接受临床护理的PWH中大麻使用行为发生重大即时转变.
- 目前的大麻政策可能不会直接影响该人口中使用模式的直接变化.
- 需要进一步的研究来了解长期影响,并为有针对性的公共卫生战略提供信息.
相关概念视频
Retrovirus Life Cycles
45.7K
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
45.7K
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
220
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
220
CNS Stimulants: Cocaine, Amphetamines and Cannabinoids
163
CNS stimulants, such as cocaine, amphetamines, and cannabinoids, have varying structures and mechanisms of action that lead to different therapeutic effects and side effects. Cocaine, with its molecular formula C17H21NO4, is a tropane alkaloid and a tertiary amino compound. It has two chemical forms: the hydrochloride salt and the "freebase." The former is in powder form, while the latter involves removing the hydrochloride salt to create a form that can be smoked. Cocaine exerts its...
163
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Cannabinoids
202
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a phytocannabinoid that primarily interacts with the CB1 receptor, a type of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) predominantly in and around the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and emetic center. THC also blocks the serotonin receptor activity in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) by inhibiting serotonin release. THC exerts its anti-emetic effects through these interactions, which are beneficial for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Two synthetic agonists of THC,...
Two synthetic agonists of THC,...
202
Hallucinogens and Psychedelics
156
Hallucinogens are psychoactive substances that profoundly alter perceptual experiences, generating unreal visual and sensory images. Often referred to as psychedelic drugs — a term derived from the Greek words "psyche" (mind) and "delos" (revealing) — these substances include marijuana and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), among others. These drugs vary in intensity and effects.
Marijuana, derived from the dried leaves and flowers of the hemp plant, contains...
Marijuana, derived from the dried leaves and flowers of the hemp plant, contains...
156
Sexually Transmitted Infections
283
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
283


