咖啡生产的各个阶段的草甘损失以及人类暴露的后果
Gerhard Bytof1, Oliver Suesse-Herrmann2, Meike Holtmann3
1Tchibo GmbH, Hamburg, Germany.
概括
烤显著减少了咖啡豆中的草甘污染,即使是那些初始含量很高的咖啡豆. 随后的饮料制备对最终的草甘含量影响最小.
科学领域:
- 食品科学 食品科学 食品科学
- 农业化学 农业化学
- 环境污染物 环境污染物
背景情况:
- 绿色咖啡豆可能被广泛使用的除草剂草甘污染.
- 一些豆类中的草甘污染水平超过欧盟最大残留量限制 (EU-MRL).
研究的目的:
- 调查草甘在咖啡加工过程中的命运,从烤到饮料制备.
- 为了确定烤和造方法在降低草甘水平方面的有效性.
主要方法:
- 在不同阶段对绿色咖啡豆 (阿拉伯咖啡和罗布斯塔咖啡) 中草甘含量的分析.
- 在不同程度 (>200°C) 上豆.
- 咖啡饮料的制备使用不同的方法 (过,即时,咖啡, ristretto).
主要成果:
- 在大多数情况下,烤使草甘含量减少了73%以上.
- 在早期烤阶段,多达9%的草甘被用银皮去除.
- 在过咖啡和速溶咖啡中,草甘的转移几乎是定量的,但在咖啡咖啡/ristretto中则较少.
- 没有检测到氨基甲基酸 (AMPA),表明它不是热降解产物.
结论:
- 烤是一种高效的工艺,可显著减少咖啡豆中的草甘污染.
- 饮料制备方法对进一步减少草甘的贡献极小.
- 即使是受到严重污染的绿色咖啡豆,也可以在烤后产生饮料,其中的草甘含量大大降低.
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