在社区居住的老年人中,脆弱风险模式和死亡率预测:为期3年的纵向研究
Mengjiao Yang1, Yang Liu2, Kumi Watanabe Miura3
1Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.
Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
|November 18, 2024
概括
在老年人中,脆弱的模式有所不同. 一个具有认知,身体和功能下降风险的小组显示死亡率明显较高,强调需要全面的脆弱性评估.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 虚弱是一种复杂的老年综合征,具有多种表现.
- 了解脆弱模式对于预测老年人的健康结果至关重要.
- 以前的研究突出了脆弱的异质性,需要细致的调查.
研究的目的:
- 在社区生活的老年人中识别明显的脆弱风险模式.
- 评估这些脆弱模式对所有原因死亡率的预测价值.
- 为处于危险的老年人群提供有针对性的干预信息.
主要方法:
- 一项前性纵向研究,涉及609名65岁以上的独立移动的日本成年人.
- 使用Kihon检查清单进行脆弱性评估,通过隐性类分析识别子组.
- 使用Kaplan-Meier和Cox比例危险模型进行3年死亡率预测的生存分析.
主要成果:
- 他们发现了三个不同的脆弱模式:高认知障碍风险 (76.0%),中度多域风险 (14.3%),高多域风险 (9.7%).
- 在已识别的脆弱性模式中观察到显著的生存差异 (日志等级P<.001).
- 认知,身体和功能下降的高风险组与高认知障碍风险组相比,死亡风险增加了220% (aHR 3.20).
结论:
- 在日本老年人中,虚弱是异质的,认知障碍风险的普遍性显著.
- 以认知,身体和功能衰退为特征的脆弱模式构成最高的死亡风险.
- 多维脆弱性评估和量身定制的干预措施对于改善老年人的结果至关重要.
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