为高效的N2B输送提供纳米技术方法:从小分子药物到生物制药
Selin Akpinar Adscheid1,2, Akif Emre Türeli1, Nazende Günday-Türeli1
1MyBiotech GmbH; Industriestraße 1B, 66802 Überherrn, Germany.
Beilstein journal of nanotechnology
|November 19, 2024
概括
鼻至脑 (N2B) 输送提供了一种非侵入性途径,可以绕过血脑屏障,用于治疗中枢神经系统疾病. 本综述探讨了药物输送系统,特别是纳米技术方法,以增强治疗药物的脑向.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 生物技术是生物技术.
背景情况:
- 中枢神经系统 (CNS) 疾病由于血液-大脑屏障 (BBB) 造成了重大挑战,该屏障限制了药物进入.
- 开发有效的中枢神经系统疾病的非侵入性治疗方法受到BBB的保护性质的阻碍.
- BBB限制了大多数小分子和大分子药物的通道,需要使用替代的输送策略.
研究的目的:
- 审查鼻至脑 (N2B) 输送作为绕过BBB的非侵入性策略的潜力.
- 探索各种药物输送系统,包括纳米技术方法,以提高N2B治疗药物的输送.
- 突出N2B输送用于生物制药,单克隆抗体和RNA的应用,重点关注临床前证据.
主要方法:
- 关于N2B交付策略的临床前研究的文献综述.
- 对通过鼻腔途径的中枢神经系统药物运输的不同药物递送系统 (例如,纳米载体) 的分析.
- 专注于通过N2B途径传递大型分子,如单克隆抗体和RNA.
主要成果:
- N2B交付有效地利用鼻腔和大脑之间的直接解剖连接.
- 封装到各种药物输送系统中可以增强药物的物理化学特性和大脑向.
- 临床前数据表明,使用N2B策略,成功地向大脑输送生物制药,包括抗体和RNA.
- 纳米技术的方法显示出通过N2B向大脑输送小分子和大分子的前景.
结论:
- 鼻至脑输送是一种可行的非侵入性方法,通过克服BBB的局限性来治疗中枢神经系统疾病.
- 药物输送系统,特别是纳米载体,对于优化N2B疗法的疗效和向至关重要.
- 进一步的研究和临床前验证对于将N2B输送策略转化为中枢神经系统疾病的临床应用至关重要.
相关概念视频
Drug Delivery: Enteral Route
383
The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
383
Drug Delivery: Overview
278
The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
278
Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes
328
Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection, and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
328
Mechanisms of Drug Absorption: Paracellular, Transcellular, and Vesicular Transport
450
Drugs need to permeate cell membranes to reach their target sites after administration. Orally administered drugs must transcend intestinal epithelial membrane barriers to infiltrate the systemic circulation. Drugs with a molecular weight of less than 500 Daltons diffuse through gaps between neighboring cells, called paracellular pathways.
However, most drugs use the transcellular route, traversing directly through the cell membranes via two mechanisms: passive and active transport. Passive...
However, most drugs use the transcellular route, traversing directly through the cell membranes via two mechanisms: passive and active transport. Passive...
450
Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation
5
Nitrogen is an essential element in biological systems, forming a crucial component of proteins, nucleic acids, and other cellular constituents. Many bacteria and archaea acquire nitrogen in the form of nitrate (NO₃⁻) or ammonia (NH₃), which are then assimilated into biomolecules through specific enzymatic pathways.Assimilatory Nitrate ReductionWhen nitrate enters the cell, it undergoes a two-step reduction process known as assimilatory nitrate reduction. Initially, the enzyme...
5
Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics: Overview
1.8K
Understanding drugs, drug products, and their performance in pharmaceutical science is pivotal. Drugs, whether simple molecules or complex compounds, are designed to interact with the body's biological systems to diagnose, treat, or prevent diseases. Drug products include various delivery systems such as tablets, capsules, injections, and inhalers. The performance of these drug products is gauged by their ability to deliver the active ingredient to the desired site of action at the...
1.8K


