虹膜素通过通过AMPK激活诱导骨细胞菌因子减少老年性骨质疏松症
Honghan Li1, Deqing Luo2, Wei Xie2
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, P.R. China.
iScience
|November 19, 2024
概括
素是一种运动诱导的肌动素,通过增强骨细胞自和髓来对抗与年龄相关的骨质损失. 这一过程通过促进骨形成和防止微型建筑的衰退来保护骨质疏松症.
科学领域:
- 骨生物学和新陈代谢
- 衰老的细胞机制
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
背景情况:
- 运动期间释放的一种肌素 - - 虹膜素 - - 影响骨代谢.
- 伊丽素影响老年骨质疏松症的确切机制尚不清楚.
- 了解虹膜素的作用对于开发针对与年龄相关的骨质损失的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在老年骨质疏松症小鼠模型中研究虹膜素对骨质和微观结构的影响.
- 阐明素对骨,特别是骨细胞的保护作用背后的细胞机制.
- 确定自和髓在以虹膜为媒介的骨调节中的作用.
主要方法:
- 利用老年骨质疏松症小鼠模型来评估虹膜素对骨质和微观架构的影响.
- 通过使用LC3和自相关的基因/蛋白质等标记物,研究了虹膜素对骨细胞自的作用.
- 进行了体外研究,以检查虹膜素对线粒体氧化损伤和骨细胞菌的作用.
- 分析了AMP激活蛋白激酶 (AMPK) 和Unc-51的参与,就像自活化激酶1 (Ulk1) 信号通路一样.
主要成果:
- 虹膜素治疗抑制了老年骨质疏松症小鼠的骨质流失,并改善了骨微型结构.
- 虹膜素显著诱导骨细胞中的自和线性,防止线粒体的氧化损伤.
- 虹膜素通过AMPK依赖ULK1的激活促进了骨细胞菌,有利于骨的形成.
- 抑制AMPK信号传递模仿了素损失的影响,减少了Ulk1的表达.
结论:
- 虹膜蛋白有效地减少与年龄相关的骨质损失,并改善骨质疏松症的骨健康.
- 虹膜素通过AMPK/Ulk1信号通路诱导骨细胞菌作用来发挥其保护作用.
- 这些发现凸显了虹素作为对抗老年骨质疏松症的潜在治疗点.
相关概念视频
01:31Regulation of the Unfolded Protein Response
2.4K
Inositol-requiring kinase one or IRE1 is the most conserved eukaryotic unfolded protein response (UPR) receptor. It is a type I transmembrane protein kinase receptor with a distinctive site-specific RNase activity. As the binding mechanics of the misfolded proteins with the N-terminal domain of IRE-1 are unclear, three binding models — direct, indirect, and allosteric -- are proposed for receptor activation. Nevertheless, it is known that once a misfolded protein associates with IRE1, it...
2.4K
02:15Experimental RNAi
6.1K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
6.1K
01:22PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway
3.4K
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast, mTORC2 consists of a...
3.4K
01:22iPS Cell Differentiation
2.6K
The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
2.6K
02:30siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs
16.6K
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
16.6K
01:31Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling
2.8K
Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
2.8K