独立于葡萄糖的人类细胞巨乳病毒的复制是由食上方甘油分支的代谢物支持的
Rebekah L Mokry1,2, John G Purdy1,2,3
1BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719.
概括
病毒可以通过利用替代营养物质在低葡萄糖条件下复制. 补充上层糖解路径部分恢复病毒的产生,这表明适应能力不同的代谢.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 代谢生物化学 代谢生物化学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 病毒经常重新编程宿主细胞代谢以支持复制.
- 现有研究主要研究在营养丰富的环境中病毒代谢需求.
- 生理条件通常涉及营养稀缺,需要对病毒适应性的研究.
研究的目的:
- 在营养有限的条件下研究病毒复制策略,特别是葡萄糖剥夺.
- 确定葡萄糖在支持人类细胞巨核病毒 (HCMV) 复制中的作用.
- 探索替代营养物如何在缺乏葡萄糖的情况下维持病毒的产生.
主要方法:
- 在无葡萄糖细胞培养物中利用了人类细胞巨乳病毒 (HCMV) 感染.
- 评估病毒复制指标,包括基因组合成,蛋白质生产,糖化和传染性病毒产量.
- 补充了各种代谢物 (尿素,核糖,UDP-GlcNAc,酸盐) 的无葡萄糖培养物,以评估它们对病毒复制的影响.
主要成果:
- 葡萄糖显著支持HCMV基因组合成,蛋白质生产,糖化和传染性病毒产量.
- 补充尿素,核糖或UDP-GlcNAc在无葡萄糖条件下部分恢复病毒复制.
- 这些代谢物,食像酸通路这样的上层糖溶性分支,使低水平的传染性病毒产生.
- 酸盐补充剂,针对较低的糖解,未能恢复病毒复制.
结论:
- 营养素养上层糖解路径可以补偿葡萄糖,维持有限的病毒产量.
- 病毒表现出适应能力,可以在不同的代谢中复制,包括低葡萄糖环境.
- 替代营养利用是病毒在不同生理条件下复制的一个关键策略.
相关概念视频
01:21Glycolysis: Preparatory Phase
13.3K
In cellular metabolism (the complete breakdown of glucose to extract energy), glycolysis is the first step. Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Glucose enters heterotrophic cells in two ways. One method is through secondary active transport, where the transport takes place against the glucose concentration gradient. The other mechanism uses a group of integral proteins called GLUT proteins, also known as glucose transporter proteins. These...
13.3K
01:23Glycolysis
1
Glycolysis, the Embden-Meyerhof pathway, is a central metabolic pathway involved in glucose catabolism. It is highly conserved across most organisms, reflecting its fundamental role in cellular energy production. This process occurs in the cytoplasm and can function both in the presence and absence of oxygen, making it versatile for various organisms and environmental conditions.Stages of GlycolysisGlycolysis is a ten-step pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate, generating a net gain of...
1
01:20Energy-requiring Steps of Glycolysis
163.2K
Glucose is the source of nearly all energy used by organisms. The first step of converting glucose into usable energy is called glycolysis. Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol of the cell over two phases: an energy-requiring phase and an energy-releasing phase. Over the first three steps, glucose is converted into different forms and attached to two phosphate groups donated by two ATP molecules, resulting in an unstable sugar. In the next two stages, the unstable sugar splits into two sugar...
163.2K
00:56What is Glycolysis?
163.9K
Overview
Cells make energy by breaking down macromolecules. Cellular respiration is the biochemical process that converts "food energy" (from the chemical bonds of macromolecules) into chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The first step of this tightly regulated and intricate process is glycolysis. The word glycolysis originates from the Latin glyco (sugar) and lysis (breakdown). Glycolysis serves two main intracellular functions: generating ATP and generating...
Cells make energy by breaking down macromolecules. Cellular respiration is the biochemical process that converts "food energy" (from the chemical bonds of macromolecules) into chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The first step of this tightly regulated and intricate process is glycolysis. The word glycolysis originates from the Latin glyco (sugar) and lysis (breakdown). Glycolysis serves two main intracellular functions: generating ATP and generating...
163.9K
01:13Outcomes of Glycolysis
98.8K
Nearly all the energy used by cells comes from the bonds that make up complex organic compounds. These organic compounds are broken down into simpler molecules, such as glucose. As a result, cells extract energy from glucose over many chemical reactions—a process called cellular respiration.
Cellular respiration can occur aerobically (with oxygen) or anaerobically (without oxygen). In the presence of oxygen, cellular respiration starts with glycolysis and continues with pyruvate...
Cellular respiration can occur aerobically (with oxygen) or anaerobically (without oxygen). In the presence of oxygen, cellular respiration starts with glycolysis and continues with pyruvate...
98.8K
01:20Fates of Pyruvate
8.4K
Pyruvate is the end product of glycolysis, where glucose is oxidized to pyruvate, simultaneously reducing NAD+ to NADH. Two molecules of ATP are also produced by substrate-level phosphorylation.
In aerobic organisms, pyruvate is metabolized via the citric acid cycle to produce reduced coenzymes NADH and FADH2. These coenzymes are then oxidized in the electron transport chain to produce ATP and, in the process, regenerate the NAD+ and FAD. As seen in some cell types and organisms, fermentation...
In aerobic organisms, pyruvate is metabolized via the citric acid cycle to produce reduced coenzymes NADH and FADH2. These coenzymes are then oxidized in the electron transport chain to produce ATP and, in the process, regenerate the NAD+ and FAD. As seen in some cell types and organisms, fermentation...
8.4K