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双语者在人行桥上:外语能力在道德决策中的作用
Federico Teitelbaum Dorfman1,2, Boris Kogan1,3,4, Pablo Barttfeld2
1Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
概括
双语者在他们的第二语言中做出更有用的道德选择 (L2). L2熟练程度特别影响个人困境,影响在中级水平最强,这表明关键的情感因素参与其中.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 双语研究表明道德外语效应 (MFLE),个人在第二语言 (L2) 中做出更有用的决策.
- 之前的研究显示了不一致的结果,这表明学科级别的变量,如L2熟练程度 (L2p) 是至关重要的,但未被充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查关于道德困境的双语研究,并调查L2熟练程度的调节作用.
- 提出一个框架,解释L2p如何影响道德决策中的情感因素.
- 确定双语社会认知研究中的挑战和未来方向.
主要方法:
- 对57项研究的系统审查,这些研究考察了双语个体的道德困境.
- 分析L2熟练程度 (中等与高) 如何影响个人和非个人困境中的道德选择.
- 基于情感调解因素的经验理论框架的开发.
主要成果:
- L2熟练程度很少影响对非个人道德困境的反应.
- L2熟练程度显著影响个人道德困境,在中级L2p水平时有一致的MFLEs,在高L2p水平时有不系统的影响.
- 该框架强调L2p对心理图像,抑制控制,亲社会行为和数值处理的影响.
结论:
- 掌握L2是调节外语道德效应的关键因素,特别是在个人困境中.
- 在双语者中,情感因素调解了L2p与道德决策之间的关系.
- 未来的研究应该解决方法上的挑战,并探索双语和社会认知的相互作用.
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