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在从昆虫病原体转变为内生生体的过程中,适应伴随着基因损失和强化选择
Chris M Ward1, Cristobal A Onetto1,2, Anthony R Borneman1,2
1Australian Wine Research Institute, Glen Osmond, Australia.
Genome biology and evolution
|November 19, 2024
概括
过渡到昆虫内共生体的真菌经历了显著的基因组变化,包括基因丢失和改变的选择压力,特别是在脂肪酸代谢中,以适应其宿主环境.
科学领域:
- 菌类学 菌类学是指菌类学.
- 昆虫病理学 昆虫病理学
- 进化基因组学 进化基因组学
背景情况:
- 菌类与昆虫结合在一起,其中一些进化为共生生物.
- 在真菌过渡到内生共生过程中的进化和基因组变化是不太了解的.
- 在软尺度昆虫中,Ophiocordyceps真菌表现出独立的病原体到内共生体的生活方式过渡.
研究的目的:
- 研究Ophiocordyceps endosymbionts的基因组适应情况.
- 了解推动从致病性向内共生性生活方式转变的进化压力.
- 在居住在Parthenolecanium corni.中的Ophiocordyceps内生生物体中表征基因组变化.
主要方法:
- 利用长读测序来组装来自单一昆虫的基因组.
- 进行了昆虫和内生生体基因组的组装和元基因组组合.
- 分析了内生生物基因组中的基因损失事件和选择模式.
主要成果:
- 获得了Ophiocordyceps内生体的染色体级组合和Pa. corni.的连续基因组.
- 与致病性亲属相比,内生生体基因组显示了524个基因丢失事件.
- 观察到核基因组中的强化选择和线粒体基因组中的放松选择.
- 在脂肪酸代谢中确定了积极的选择,这表明它适应了昆虫的富含脂质的脂肪体.
结论:
- 菌类内共生生物经历了大量的基因组缩小和适应.
- 在内生共生过程中,核基因组和线粒体基因组之间存在选择性压力差异.
- 在基因组上,Ophiocordyceps内共生体适应有效利用昆虫脂质.
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