k-意味着在指纹基础上的配置选择中对合适的原子间潜力进行聚类.
Miroslav Lebeda1,2, Jan Drahokoupil1,3, Ludvík Löbel3
1Department of Physics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Technická 4, Prague 6 16607, Czech Republic.
Journal of chemical theory and computation
|November 19, 2024
概括
K-means集群有效地选择了不同的原子配置,提高了材料科学模拟的原子间潜力的准确性. 这种方法需要比随机选择更少的配置来准确地预测能量和力.
科学领域:
- 计算材料科学科学 计算材料科学
- 原子学模拟 原子学模拟
- 机器学习在化学中的应用
背景情况:
- 准确的原子间潜力对于分子动力学模拟至关重要.
- 将潜能与量子力学数据 (如DFT) 相匹配,需要一个代表性的原子配置集.
- 传统方法通常依赖于随机抽样,这可能是低效的.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种更有效的方法来选择具有代表性的原子配置,以适应原子间潜能.
- 为了提高准确性和减少适配潜力所需的配置数量.
- 为了比较k-means集群与随机选择的有效性.
主要方法:
- 将k-means集群应用到原子配置指纹上.
- 使用CrystalNN模型和辐射分布函数 (RDF) 来进行指纹采集.
- 使用选定的配置,对的嵌入式原子方法 (EAM) 潜力进行调整.
- 使用t分布式随机邻居嵌入 (t-SNE) 进行维度缩小和可视化.
主要成果:
- 与随机选择相比,K-means集群显著提高了配合原子间电位 (能量和力) 的准确性.
- 通过k-means选择的更少的配置 (大约30) 足以描述一个更大的数据集 (1800个配置).
- K-means集群有效地识别和利用具有相似原子环境的配置,即使是那些有空白的配置,随机选择错过了这些空白.
结论:
- 在材料建模中,K-means集群为选择配置提供了一种优越的策略.
- 这种方法带来了更精确,更可靠的原子间电位,并降低了计算成本.
- 这些发现表明,在原子化配置中存在潜在的信息冗余,k-means可以利用这一点.
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