在社区居住的有认知脆弱的老年人中,家庭炼计划对随后的跌倒的影响:随机对照试验的一个子组分析
Ryan S Falck1, Chun Liang Hsu2, Jennifer C Davis3
1School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Centre for Aging Solutions for Mobility, Activity, Rehabilitation, and Technology (SMART) at Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Canada.
Maturitas
|November 19, 2024
概括
在家进行运动显著减少了认知虚弱的老年人中跌倒. 坚持炼计划改善了身体功能,强调炼是这个脆弱人群的关键干预措施.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 神经学 神经学
- 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 认知虚弱,一种结合身体虚弱和轻度认知障碍的疾病,增加了老年人的跌倒风险.
- 患有认知虚弱的老年人中跌倒是一个重大的公共卫生挑战.
- 运动是一种已知的防摔策略,但其在认知脆弱个体中的有效性尚未得到充分证实.
研究的目的:
- 调查家庭炼计划对认知脆弱的社区老年人的跌倒率的影响.
- 评估运动对这个人群的身体表现和认知功能的影响.
- 探索炼坚持在治疗结果中的作用.
主要方法:
- 一项为期12个月的随机对照试验的子组分析,涉及192名认知虚弱的参与者 (年龄≥70岁).
- 参与者被分配到一个为期12个月的家庭炼计划或通常的护理.
- 主要结果是自我报告的跌倒率;次要结果包括短物理性能电池 (SPPB) 和蒙特利尔认知评估 (MoCA) 的得分.
主要成果:
- 与常规护理组相比,在家练习组的跌倒率降低了35% (IRR=0.65;p=0.042).
- 练习组的参与者,其坚持度大于或等于平均值,在SPPB得分上表现出显著的改善 (估计平均差异:0.94;p=0.022).
结论:
- 在家练习是一种可行的和有效的策略,可以减少认知虚弱的个体的跌倒.
- 对炼计划的更高的坚持可以提高认知脆弱的人的身体功能.
- 应考虑进行运动干预,以预防认知虚弱的老年人跌倒.
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