新出现的H2N2低致病性禽流感病毒的双受体结合,感染性和传染性
Ju Sun1,2, Tianyi Zheng2, Mingjun Jia1,2
1College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, 030801, China.
Nature communications
|November 20, 2024
概括
禽流感H2N2病毒 (AIV) 构成跨物种感染的风险. 遗传和分子研究揭示了使H2N2 AIVs能够适应哺乳动物的突变,突出了潜在的流行病威胁.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 1957年H2N2流感大流行病毒 (A(H2N2) pdm1957) 已不再在人类中传播.
- H2N2禽流感病毒 (AIVs) 继续在全球鸟类种群中传播.
研究的目的:
- 评估循环的H2N2 AIV从禽到哺乳动物宿主中的复发风险和跨物种感染潜力.
- 了解 H2N2 AIV 适应哺乳动物背后的分子机制.
主要方法:
- 来自中国家禽的H2 AIV和流行病菌株的比较遗传和抗原分析.
- 血凝素 (HA) 蛋白替代物的分子和结构研究.
- 在小鼠,豚鼠和身上进行的体内适应研究.
主要成果:
- 流通中的H2N2 AIVs表现出与A(H2N2) pdm1957.5的遗传和抗原分歧.
- 一种特定的H2N2 AIV表现出双受体结合特性,类似于大流行病毒.
- 确定了关键的HA替代物 (N144S,N144E或R137M),可以增强与人型受体的结合.
- H2N2 AIV迅速适应小鼠并获得突变,促进了几内亚猪和的传播.
结论:
- 特定的H2N2 AIV具有跨物种传播和哺乳动物适应的能力.
- 了解受体结合和适应特征对于H2N2 AIV监测和流行病准备至关重要.
- 这些发现为潜在的H2N2流感疫情的早期预警系统提供了基础.
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