我们如何充分理解越南毒品政策中的供应,需求和减害?
1School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Griffith University, Mt Gravatt, QLD, 4122, Australia. h.luong@griffith.edu.au.
Harm reduction journal
|November 20, 2024
概括
越南 越南 越南 越南
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
- 政策研究 政策研究
背景情况:
- 自20世纪90年代以来,越南的毒品政策不断发展,包括减少供应,减少需求和减少危害的方法.
- 减少危害在2000年代获得了引力,特别是阿片类替代疗法,在2010年代初之前进行了更广泛的毒品政策改革.
- 尽管有承诺,但在平衡毒品政策支柱方面仍然存在挑战,原因是规定不清楚和实施困难.
研究的目的:
- 分析越南的毒品政策,重点关注供应减少和强制拘留的持续主导地位,而不是减少危害.
- 调查越南在应用减少危害策略方面的斗争背后的原因,特别是在警务实践中.
- 提供建议,以加强减少危害的整合到越南的毒品控制框架.
主要方法:
- 对有关毒品政策资源的灰色文献进行定性内容分析.
- 与毒品政策专家和专业人士进行定性访谈.
- 分析越南对与毒品有关的犯罪,强制拘留和减少危害实施的做法.
主要成果:
- 越南的毒品政策仍然严重依赖于减少供应的措施,包括像死刑这样的严厉处罚.
- 强制拘留中心是减少需求的主要方法,与国际减少危害模型形成鲜明对比.
- 显著的挑战阻碍了危害减少战略的广泛和公平的应用,特别是在警察方面.
结论:
- 越南的毒品政策改革在充分整合降低危害原则方面面临重大障碍.
- 目前强调惩罚性措施而不是以健康为重点的降低危害,需要重新评估.
- 需要提出建议,以支持越南执法和毒品控制系统中的实际实施减少危害.
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