健康和轻度认知障碍的社会决定因素在多样化的社区样本中
Mary Ganguli1,2,3, Erin Jacobsen1, Ruopu Song1
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
|November 20, 2024
概括
社区因素,如邻居的劣势和空气污染,与老年人轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 有关. 解决这些健康的社会决定因素对于公共卫生政策至关重要.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 环境健康 环境健康
背景情况:
- 社区层面的健康社会决定因素 (SDOH) 越来越多地被认为对健康结果的影响.
- 社区范围的SDOH与轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 之间的关系需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 检查各种社区层面的社会和环境因素之间的横截面关联以及MCI的流行率.
- 确定可能增加老年人MCI风险的特定SDOH.
主要方法:
- 这项研究包括来自美国社区的2830名65岁以上没有痴呆症的参与者.
- 使用临床痴呆症评分尺度 (CDR=0.5) 评估MCI.
- 研究人员检查了邻里处于不利地位 (区域贫困指数),PM2.5空气污染,绿地,可行性,医疗保健准入,杀人率和区域教育 (美国南部州) 的相关性.
主要成果:
- 更高的区域贫困指数,PM2.5和谋杀率与增加的MCI几率有关.
- 美国南部州的绿色空间和学校教育水平较低也与较高的MCI患病率有关.
- 在对共变量进行调整后,面积贫困指数仍然显著. PM2.5和南方学校教育与种族有显著的相互作用,不成比例地影响了黑人参与者.
结论:
- 在这个群体中,一些社区范围的社会和环境因素与MCI有关.
- 虽然个体风险因素的修改很重要,但政策干预是必要的,以解决社区层面的SDOH影响认知健康.
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