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在CITES交易的爬行动物中功能组成的全球动态
Dominic Meeks1,2, Oscar Morton1,2, David P Edwards2
1Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
概括
全球爬行动物贸易优先针对大型繁殖物种,影响生态系统. 贸易热点的保护工作对于保护功能多样性和生态系统健康至关重要.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 野生动物贸易 野生动物贸易
背景情况:
- 全球野生动物贸易是一个重要的行业,每年交易数百万只爬行动物.
- 具有理想特征 (大尺寸,颜色) 的爬行动物被优先交易,可能威胁到野生种群.
- 了解基于特征的贸易模式对于评估生态影响和保护需求至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析贸易爬行动物的功能特征的地理和时间变化.
- 确定爬行动物贸易中功能多样性的关键贸易热点和路线.
- 了解物种的功能特征与它们在国际贸易中的存在之间的联系.
主要方法:
- 对"危物种国际贸易公约" (CITES) 列出的爬行动物的法律国际贸易记录 (2000-2020) 的分析.
- 检查交易的爬行动物组合的功能组成 (来自囚禁和野生来源).
- 识别贸易热点,贸易路线,以及功能特征与贸易存在之间的相关性.
主要成果:
- 功能多样化的爬行动物贸易组合从热带地区出口,特别是撒哈拉以南非洲,并进口到亚洲,欧洲和北美.
- 贸易模式在2000年至2020年期间保持相对稳定.
- 大型,繁殖,通用爬行动物物种是全球最常被交易的.
结论:
- 在马达加斯加和印度尼西亚等热点地区,各种爬行动物组合的野生收获对生态重要的大型爬行动物施加压力.
- 这种贸易危及缓存,易受收获的物种,并破坏生态系统功能 (例如,人口控制,营养循环).
- 优先保护在贸易热点中对功能多样性做出重大贡献的危物种,对于维护生态系统功能至关重要.
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