道德提升和廉价的成就:迷幻药,虚拟现实和人工智能
Emma C Gordon1, Katherine Cheung2,3, Julian Savulescu4,5
1University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Bioethics
|November 20, 2024
概括
道德提升技术可能会降低成就的价格,但实际应用,如迷幻药物或人工智能导师,在辅助使用时,避免了这种批评. 这些方法支持道德自我改进,而不会降低其价值.
科学领域:
- 生物伦理学生物伦理学
- 技术的哲学技术的哲学
- 道德心理学道德心理学
背景情况:
- "廉价成就"的批评质疑,提高绩效的药物或技术是否会降低认知和运动领域的成就.
- 关于道德成就和使用道德增强技术,这种批评的探索较少.
- 传统的道德发展依赖于学校教育和社会化,与技术干预形成鲜明对比.
研究的目的:
- 在道德提升技术的背景下分析"廉价成就"的反对意见.
- 确定道德提升技术是否以及如何降低道德自我提升的价值.
- 针对这种批评,探索特定的道德增强技术的可行性.
主要方法:
- 对"廉价成就"论点的哲学分析,应用于道德提升.
- 审查拟议的道德提升技术,包括迷幻药物,人工智能和VR.
- 案例研究说明了技术在道德发展中的辅助或促进作用.
主要成果:
- "廉价成就"的反对意见对投机或不切实际的道德提升形式更为强大.
- 可行的道德提升技术,即药物或技术发挥促进作用的技术,不太容易受到这种批评.
- 诸如迷幻药辅助道德学习,人工智能道德导师和VR同情训练等例子显示,反对意见的影响减少了.
结论:
- 充满希望和实用的道德提升形式,特别是那些具有辅助技术的形式,在很大程度上逃避了"廉价成就"的批评.
- 当技术支持而不是指令过程时,道德自我改进的价值就会被保留.
- 这项分析表明了开发和评估道德增强技术的途径,这些技术可以保持道德成就的完整性.
相关概念视频
01:27Hallucinogens and Psychedelics
156
Hallucinogens are psychoactive substances that profoundly alter perceptual experiences, generating unreal visual and sensory images. Often referred to as psychedelic drugs — a term derived from the Greek words "psyche" (mind) and "delos" (revealing) — these substances include marijuana and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), among others. These drugs vary in intensity and effects.
Marijuana, derived from the dried leaves and flowers of the hemp plant, contains...
Marijuana, derived from the dried leaves and flowers of the hemp plant, contains...
156
03:00Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification
5.2K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
5.2K
01:18Cognitive Development During Adolescence
43
During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the...
43
01:06Altered States of Awareness
152
Altered states of consciousness represent significant deviations from one's normal mental state. These deviations can range from subtle changes in awareness to profound transformations in perception, thought processes, and sensory experiences. Altered states of consciousness can be triggered by various factors, including drug use, meditation, hypnosis, illness, or even intense fatigue.
The ingestion of substances like stimulants or hallucinogens leads to chemical alterations in the brain...
The ingestion of substances like stimulants or hallucinogens leads to chemical alterations in the brain...
152
01:30Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists
98
Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function.
98
02:57The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison
49.7K
According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
49.7K