不仅仅是一个数字:肠道微生物群和大脑功能跨越了生命的极端
Nathan D Nuzum1, Clara Deady1,2, Sarah Kittel-Schneider1,3
1APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
Gut microbes
|November 20, 2024
概括
肠道微生物组显著影响大脑健康,影响神经发育和神经退行性疾病,如阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病. 需要进一步的研究,以了解这些肠-大脑轴机制,以针对性治疗.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
背景情况:
- 人们越来越认识到肠道微生物群对宿主生理学的作用,特别是在大脑疾病中.
- 早期的研究依赖于相关数据,缺乏功能和转化见解.
- 大规模的纵向研究对于确定肠-大脑轴中的因果关系和机制至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查了解肠道微生物群对神经发育和神经退行性疾病的影响方面的进展.
- 突出在人体研究中需要进行机理学和因果研究的需要.
- 发现知识缺口,特别是关于微生物组在不同生命阶段的作用.
主要方法:
- 关于肠道微生物群和大脑疾病的当前文献的综述.
- 对人与动物移植研究的分析,提供因果关系证据.
- 在神经退行性和神经发育性疾病中进行的纵向临床干预的讨论.
主要成果:
- 在肠道微生物组和阿尔茨海默氏症 (AD) 和帕金森病 (PD) 之间建立了强有力的因果关系.
- 越来越多的证据支持微生物组参与自闭症,多动症和精神分裂症,与动物模型保持一致.
- 确定了受肠道微生物群影响的认知功能的关键发育窗口.
结论:
- 在理解神经系统疾病中的肠-大脑轴方面取得了重大进展.
- 基本的知识缺口仍然存在,特别是关于微生物组在生命极端的功能.
- 进一步的研究对于开发针对微生物失衡的精确治疗干预措施至关重要.
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