噪音适应障碍有助于听力损失患者的语音理解问题
Miriam I Marrufo-Pérez1,2, Milagros J Fumero1,2, Almudena Eustaquio-Martín1,2
1Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León, Universidad de Salamanca, Calle Pintor Fernando Gallego 1, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
Scientific reports
|November 20, 2024
概括
由于噪音适应能力受损,听力障碍者更容易在噪音中说话,而不仅仅是减少对语音线索的访问. 这种难以适应背景噪音的困难显著影响了他们的语音识别能力.
科学领域:
- 听觉神经科学 听觉神经科学
- 语音感知 语音感知
- 听力障碍研究 听力障碍研究
背景情况:
- 与正常听力 (NH) 个体相比,听力障碍 (HI) 个体在杂的环境中面临更大的挑战,比正常听力 (NH) 个体更难理解语言.
- 这种困难往往与由于听力损失导致的语音线索的神经编码改变有关.
- 然而,对背景噪声的适应能力受损也可能导致HI听众的语音识别能力下降.
研究的目的:
- 调查噪音适应障碍是否有助于听力障碍者减少对噪音中的言语理解.
- 量化听力损失,噪音适应和语音接收值 (SRT) 之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 对于有神经传感性听力损失的助听器用户,使用自然语音和音调编码的单词在语音形噪音 (SSN) 中测量了语音接收值 (SRT).
- 刺激与或没有1秒SSN前体呈现,以评估适应.
- 适应被计算为两个前体条件之间的SRT差异.
主要成果:
- 听力受损的听众表现出比正常听力听众更糟糕的SRT,这证实了对语音线索的访问减少.
- 噪音适应与受年龄控制的听力损失在自然语音和语音编码语音方面存在负相关性.
- 听力障碍患者的语音接收损失中,适应障碍占到10%.
结论:
- 听力受损的听众较差的语音在噪音中识别源于对声学语音线索的访问受损以及适应背景噪音的能力降低.
- 噪音适应缺陷是导致听力障碍者在噪音中的语音处理困难的一个重要因素.
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