Il4-Il13-Il5位点的重塑是选择性基因表达的基础
Hiroyuki Nagashima1, Justin Shayne2, Kan Jiang3
1Lymphocyte Cell Biology Section, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA. hiroyuki.nagashima@nih.gov.
Nature immunology
|November 20, 2024
概括
监管要素控制2型细胞因子基因表达. 它们的三维组织在细胞激活时发生变化,影响了白内素 (IL) -4,IL-5和IL-13的产生和免疫反应.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 2型细胞因子,包括IL-4,IL-13和IL-5,对免疫反应至关重要,由2型天生的淋巴细胞 (ILC2) 和T助手2 (TH2) 淋巴细胞产生.
- 这些细胞因子被编码在多基因集群中,它们的协调调节对于适当的免疫功能至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地识别和描述在扩展的小鼠Il4-Il13-Il5位点内的调节元件 (RE).
- 研究这些RE的三维 (3D) 组织是如何在细胞激活后重建的,以及这如何影响细胞因子基因表达.
主要方法:
- 利用转录因子足迹和染色质可访问性测试,在Il4-Il13-Il5位点上绘制REs的地图.
- 采用3D基因组构造技术,在细胞激活前后分析RE的空间组织.
- 对已识别的RE进行了体内删除,以评估它们对细胞因子调节和免疫反应的功能性贡献.
主要成果:
- 在Il4-Il13-Il5位点内编目了多个RE (SHS-I/II,KHS-I/II,+6.5kbIl13,5HS-I(a-e),5HS-II,5HS-III(a-c)) 在Il4-Il13-Il5位点内.
- 在3D空间中观察到RE的动态重塑后激活,导致Il4,Il13和Il5基因与各种RE组合的明显分离.
- 证明单个RE对基因组定位和目标基因调节有差异性贡献,删除导致上下文依赖的免疫失调.
结论:
- 没有一个单独的RE可以完全控制特定的2型细胞因子;相反,它们的集体和动态3D排列是至关重要的.
- 在2型细胞因子位点内的3D基因组结构的信号依赖性重塑是IL-4,IL-5和IL-13的不同表达模式的基础.
- 了解这些调节机制是理解免疫反应和开发向治疗的关键.
更多相关视频
11:06Genome-wide Analysis of HDAC Inhibitor-mediated Modulation of microRNAs and mRNAs in B Cells Induced to Undergo Class-switch DNA Recombination and Plasma Cell Differentiation
Published on: September 20, 2017
6.1K
12:08Retroviral CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Gene Targeting for the Study of Th17 Differentiation in Vitro
Published on: November 15, 2024
447
相关概念视频
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells
1.6K
Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
1.6K
Lineage Commitment
3.0K
Commitment is the process whereby stem cells:
3.0K
Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance
33.3K
Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
33.3K
Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming
2.2K
Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
2.2K
Combinatorial Gene Control
8.3K
Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
8.3K
Exon Recombination
3.6K
The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes.
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
3.6K
