同时有氧和力量训练对儿童和青少年健康的协同效应:多变量和网络元分析
Zhen Li1,2, Yuqing Qi3, Xiaoke Chen4
1Provincial University Key Laboratory of Sport and Health Science, School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
|November 21, 2024
概括
同时训练 (CT) 与孤立的有氧耐力训练 (ET) 或阻力训练 (RT) 相比,在年轻人中显著提高了肌肉力量和最大氧气吸收 (VO2max). 整合ET和RT可以优化儿童和青少年的身体健康.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 儿科健康 儿科健康
背景情况:
- 儿童和青少年的健身水平正在下降,需要有效的运动干预措施.
- 有氧耐力训练 (ET) 和抵抗训练 (RT) 对于年轻人群体的身体发展至关重要.
- 同步培训 (CT),结合ET和RT,值得研究其全面的好处.
研究的目的:
- 通过多变量和网络元分析 (NMA) 评估并发训练 (CT) 对青少年身体健康的影响.
- 确定CT与孤立的ET或RT相比具有明显的优势,考虑人口和培训变量.
- 为了比较不同CT协议在改善心肺健康和肌肉力量方面的有效性.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (Web of Science,PubMed/MEDLINE,SPORTDiscus) 中进行系统的文献综述 (1980年至今).
- 在 Stata 17.0.0 中,包括36项与2658名参与者的研究,通过单变量,多变量和NMA进行分析.
- 评估方法质量 (PEDro尺度) 和偏差 (Egger测试),使用灵敏度分析和元回归.
主要成果:
- 与单独RT相比,CT显著改善了反运动跳跃 (CMJ) 的表现.
- 多变量分析表明,CT增强了耐力和爆炸性,超过单独的ET或RT.
- 网络元分析显示,CT下肢强度,CMJ和VO2max显著改善;像连续抵抗训练 (CRE) 之后的ET (CRE) 等特定协议显示,CMJ获得优异.
结论:
- 同时训练在改善年轻人的肌肉力量和VO2max方面是有效的,优于单独的ET或RT.
- 建议通过CT策略整合ET和RT,以优化儿童和青少年的体力表现.
- 需要进一步的研究来阐明CT诱导的年轻人群适应的潜在机制.
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