中期到晚期早产儿童的执行功能:一个元分析
Lauren Rossetti1,2, Leona Pascoe1,3, Chandelle Piazza1,2
1School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Pediatrics
|November 21, 2024
概括
中期到晚期早产 (MLP) 出生的儿童在学龄时表现出较差的执行功能 (EF). 这些EF挑战,包括注意力和灵活性,可能会影响学术和社会发展.
科学领域:
- 发育儿科 发育儿科
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
背景情况:
- 早期神经发育延迟是中到晚期早产 (MLP) 出生的日益关注的问题 (32-36周妊娠).
- 在MLP出生的学龄儿童的认知结果还不太清楚,特别是在执行功能 (EF) 方面.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估执行功能 (EF) 结局在学校年龄的孩子出生MLP相比,到期出生的孩子.
- 具体评估的是注意力控制,认知灵活性和目标设定能力.
主要方法:
- 一个系统的审查和对发表在Medline,Embase,PsycInfo和Scopus的研究进行元分析.
- 包括的研究评估了6至17岁的儿童的EF,出生于MLP,与一个满期出生的对照组.
- 进行了数据提取和偏差风险评估,随后进行了随机效应元分析.
主要成果:
- 分析了12项涉及2348名MLP儿童和20322名对照儿童的研究.
- 与按期出生的儿童相比,出生于MLP的儿童的整体EF表现较差 (SMD = -0.15,P < .0001).
- 在注意力控制,认知灵活性和目标设定方面也观察到类似的缺陷.
结论:
- 与满期出生的同龄人相比,出生于MLP的学龄儿童可能面临更大的执行功能 (EF) 挑战.
- 发现了方法差异和研究范围有限 (发达国家).
- 建议进行进一步的研究,以探索这些EF挑战对学术和社会情感发展的功能影响.
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