肠道失生症调解了抗生素暴露与慢性疾病之间的关联
Francisco Guarner1, Luis Bustos Fernandez2, Sylvia Cruchet3
1Centro Medico Teknon, Barcelona, Spain.
Frontiers in medicine
|November 21, 2024
概括
在生命早期接触抗生素可能会破坏肠道微生物群,导致长期的慢性疾病. 这种肠道失生症会影响免疫,代谢和神经健康,强调需要谨慎的抗生素处方.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 抗生素对于治疗感染至关重要,但可能会对健康产生长期负面影响.
- 早期的抗生素暴露与肠道失调有关,这是正常肠道微生物群的破坏.
- 肠道失调与许多慢性疾病有关,与健康和疾病 (DOHaD) 概念的发育起源保持一致.
研究的目的:
- 审查有关抗生素暴露,肠道疾病和慢性疾病之间的联系的文献.
- 探索肠道失生症影响慢性疾病发展的机制性途径.
- 建议将DOHaD概念扩展到"健康和疾病的胃肠道起源" (GOHaD) 和"健康和疾病的微生物起源" (MOHaD).
主要方法:
- 流行病学,干预和实验研究的文献综述.
- 对抗生素对肠道微生物群的影响的分子生物学发现的分析.
- 检查肠道失调和慢性疾病途径之间的机械联系.
主要成果:
- 抗生素的使用,特别是在婴儿身上,会导致肠道微生物的快速和持久变化.
- 肠道疾病与炎症,代谢,自身免疫,过敏和神经疾病的风险增加有关.
- 机制包括免疫通路的破坏,改变短链脂肪酸的生产,以及肠道屏障功能受损.
结论:
- 早期的抗生素暴露是通过肠道失生症发展慢性疾病的重要因素.
- 益生菌可能在减轻失生症方面提供一些好处,但需要进一步的大规模试验.
- 提出GOHaD和MOHaD的概念是为了强调肠道微生物群在健康和疾病中的关键作用.
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