[以色列 1997-2022 年器官捐献的意愿]
Tamar Ashkenazi1, Yael Bistritz1, Jonathan Cohen1
1Israel Transplant, Tel-Aviv.
Harefuah
|November 21, 2024
概括
通过解决公共障碍和改善医院的同意实践,器官捐献同意率显著增加,从42%增加到62%. 持续投资于公众意识和可访问的捐赠卡注册对于进一步增加至关重要.
科学领域:
- 移植科学 移植科学
- 公共卫生倡议 公共卫生倡议
- 生物伦理学生物伦理学
背景情况:
- 器官移植协调系统成立于1997年,旨在识别捐赠候选人,确认脑死亡,并通过捐赠过程支持家庭.
- 最初的器官捐赠同意率为42%,公众调查表明愿意但存在重大障碍.
研究的目的:
- 调查公众对器官捐献的态度,并确定同意的障碍.
- 制定和实施提高器官捐献率的战略.
- 提高基于医院的同意程序的有效性.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项公众调查 (n=758) 以评估对器官捐献的态度和障碍.
- 实施多层次战略,包括公众宣传活动,宗教宣传,改善捐赠卡的可访问性.
- 开发和培训医院工作人员,以接近家庭同意的模式.
主要成果:
- 公众愿意捐赠的比例为60%,主要障碍是宗教因素和希望被完好无损地埋葬.
- 器官捐赠的同意率从44% (2000-2004) 增加到62% (2016-2020).
- 在阿迪捐赠卡签名显著增加 (约. 在2005年至2019年期间,70万) 和数字签名可访问性与同意的增加相关.
结论:
- 解决公共障碍,提高捐赠者卡的可访问性 (包括数字选项),改善医院同意协议,有效地提高了器官捐赠率.
- 对公众的意愿和可访问的注册方法的持续投资对于器官捐献的持续增长至关重要.
- 营销策略成功地将对器官捐献的看法从英雄性转变为规范性.
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