在前部NCAP测试中,与右侧前座乘客相比,后座乘客的安全座椅
1ProBiomechanics LLC, Bloomfield Hills, Michigan.
Traffic injury prevention
|November 21, 2024
概括
由于不太先进的安全带系统,后座乘客在正面碰撞中面临着明显更高的受伤风险. 这项研究强调了需要改进车辆后座安全带的需求.
科学领域:
- 汽车安全工程 汽车安全工程
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 撞击测试分析分析
背景情况:
- 车辆安全标准往往优先考虑前座乘客而不是后座乘客.
- 后排座椅的紧系统通常缺乏前排座椅中发现的先进功能,如预紧张和负载限制.
研究的目的:
- 在前部NCAP测试中,在右后座和右前座乘客座位上的第五百分位女性混合动力III人形的动力学和生物力学反应进行比较.
- 为了评估2015-16车型年份车辆后座乘客的腰带安全带的有效性.
主要方法:
- 在56公里/小时的速度进行了11次前部NCAP测试,使用第5百分位混合III模拟器.
- 比较的安全带系统:前座乘客有预紧张/限制负载的安全带和安全气囊;后座乘客有基本的安全带.
- 分析了模拟器的动力学和生物机械反应,包括腰带负荷和胸部偏移.
主要成果:
- 在11辆车中,只有1辆为后座乘客提供了有利的限制;所有车辆都通过了前座乘客.
- 后座乘客的HIC15 (888 ± 314) 显著高于前座 (242 ± 72).
- 后部 (1.16 ± 0.19) 和胸部偏斜 (46.1 ± 9.8 mm) 显著高于前部 (0.46 ± 0.11和20.8 ± 5.6 mm,分别).
- 后肩带负荷 (8,771 ± 2,088 N) 显著高于前肩带负荷 (3,564 ± 911 N).
- 由于腰带负荷和扣扣升高,发生了三起后座潜水事件.
结论:
- 与前座乘客相比,后座乘客经历了明显更高的限制负荷和伤害指标 (HIC15,Nij,胸部偏移).
- 后座缺少先进的安全装置 (预紧张,负载限制,安全气囊) 会增加受伤的风险.
- 观察到的潜水和更高的负载表明测试车辆的后座安全性不足.
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