用线性和目标编程为新西兰幼儿制定和评估基于食物的饮食建议
Ewa A Szymlek-Gay1, Anne-Louise M Heath2, Rosalind S Gibson2
1Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia. ewa.szymlekgay@deakin.edu.au.
European journal of nutrition
|November 21, 2024
概括
适合幼儿的基于食物的饮食建议要求各种食物组的特定份量,包括含铁的幼儿牛奶,以确保足够的营养摄入量. 排除强化食品可能会导致幼儿缺铁和叶酸.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 饮食建议 饮食建议
- 儿童健康 儿童健康
背景情况:
- 制定有效的基于食物的饮食建议 (FBDGs) 对于确保幼儿足够的营养摄入量至关重要.
- 以前的FBDG可能无法充分满足12-24个月龄段儿童的复杂营养需求.
- 线性和目标编程为优化饮食建议提供了先进的方法.
研究的目的:
- 使用数学建模,为12-24个月大的新西兰儿童设计和评估FBDGs.
- 同时考虑建议中的所有必需营养素的摄入量.
- 评估排除某些食物组 (商业婴儿食品,铁强化食品) 对营养充足性的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用了188名新西兰幼儿 (12-24个月) 的饮食数据,基于3天的体重食物记录.
- 采用线性和目标编程模型来开发和测试三组FBDG.
- 根据食品清单,消费量和消费模式进行评估的建议.
主要成果:
- 开发的FBDGs与典型的幼儿消费量保持一致:3份非糖类谷物,2份蔬菜,2份水果,2份乳制品,2份肉/鱼/家禽/蛋/蔬菜/坚果.
- 只有在每天加入大约500克铁强化婴儿奶时才能获得足够的营养摄入量.
- 除了商业婴儿/幼儿食品或所有铁强化食品,导致铁和叶酸摄入量不足 (分别为营养基参考值的≤29%和≤38%).
结论:
- 推的FBDGs,包括每天500克的铁强化婴儿奶,确保新西兰婴儿摄入15种模拟营养素.
- 不包括商业婴儿食品或所有铁强化选项的FBDG会损害铁和叶酸的状态.
- 跨食品组的特定份量对于满足幼儿营养需求至关重要.
相关概念视频
Regulation of Food Intake
3.2K
Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
3.2K
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy
1.1K
Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
1.1K
Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition
1.8K
Parenteral Nutrition (PN) delivers essential nutrients directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system. It is commonly used for individuals with severe digestive disorders or conditions that prevent normal nutrient absorption.
PN can be administered through two primary routes:
1. Central Parenteral Nutrition (CPN):
CPN involves delivering a high concentration of nutrients through a large vein. This is typically achieved using a Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) or,...
PN can be administered through two primary routes:
1. Central Parenteral Nutrition (CPN):
CPN involves delivering a high concentration of nutrients through a large vein. This is typically achieved using a Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) or,...
1.8K
Drug Dosing: Infants and Children
886
Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
886


