产前饮食和婴儿从出生到年龄的成长 24个月
Monique M Hedderson1, Holly B Schuh2, Emily A Knapp2
1Division of Research and Center for Upstream Prevention of Adiposity and Diabetes Mellitus, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Pleasanton.
JAMA network open
|November 21, 2024
概括
通过健康饮食指数 (HEI) 衡量的健康产前饮食与更健康的婴儿生长模式有关,降低了肥胖的风险. 这凸显了母亲营养对儿童发育的重要性.
科学领域:
- 儿科营养与生长 儿科营养与生长
- 孕产妇的健康和饮食
- 预防肥胖 预防肥胖
背景情况:
- 婴儿出生时的大小 (对于妊娠年龄来说小 (SGA) 或对于妊娠年龄来说大 (LGA)) 和产后生长轨迹与以后的生活肥胖有关.
- 了解产前饮食质量对婴儿生长的影响,对于制定有效的肥胖预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过健康饮食指数 (HEI) 和实证饮食炎症模式 (EDIP) 评估产前饮食质量与婴儿出生时大小之间的关联.
- 评估产前饮食质量与婴儿从出生到24个月的成长之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 一项队列研究,涉及2854个分娩父母-孩子二合体,来自8个环境影响儿童健康结果 (ECO) 计划队列 (2007-2021年).
- 使用HEI和EDIP评估产前饮食质量.
- 婴儿结局包括出生体重 (SGA,参考,LGA) 和生长模式 (缓慢,参考,快速) 在6,12和24个月,基于体重对长度z-score差异.
主要成果:
- 高的HEI得分 (健康饮食) 与LGA的几率较低,在6个月和24个月的快速增长以及在6,12个月和24个月的缓慢增长有关.
- 低EDIP分数 (较少的炎症饮食) 与12个月LGA和快速增长的几率更高,但在6个月快速增长的几率更低有关.
- 在高HEI和SGA之间,或在低EDIP和SGA之间,没有发现显著的关联.
结论:
- 与美国饮食指南 (高HEI) 一致的产前饮食模式与婴儿异常生长模式 (快速或缓慢生长) 的风险降低有关.
- 这些发现表明,怀孕期间母亲的饮食质量在塑造婴儿生长轨迹方面发挥着作用,可能会影响长期肥胖风险.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索旨在改善产前饮食以优化儿童成长的干预措施的有效性.
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