评估家庭和社区服务试点计划对中国老年人长期护理需求的影响
Ruru Ping1, Bo Hu2, Takashi Oshio3
1Hitotsubashi Institute for Advanced Study, Hitotsubashi University, Tokyo, Japan.
PloS one
|November 21, 2024
概括
中国的家庭和社区服务 (HCBS) 试点减少了对日常生活工具活动 (IADL) 的未满足需求,但没有影响老年人的日常生活基本活动 (ADL).
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 中国面临着对长期护理 (LTC) 的日益增长的需求.
- 一个为期5年的试点计划 (2016-2020年),旨在加强家庭和社区服务 (HCBS).
- 这个HCBS试点对LTC需求的影响以前是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 评估中国HCBS试点计划对老年人长期护理需求的影响.
- 评估对日常生活活动 (ADL) 和日常生活工具活动 (IADL) 的未满足需求和功能限制的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自中国健康与退休长度研究 (N = 3,327) 的小组数据.
- 采用了倾向性得分匹配和差异分析的综合方法.
- 研究了基于地区和生活方式的方案效应的异质性.
主要成果:
- 该HCBS计划显著减少了未满足的IADL需求,并延迟了IADL限制的进展.
- 没有观察到对未满足ADL需求或ADL限制进展的显著影响.
- 东部地区的项目效应较小,与他人生活的人群较强.
结论:
- 该HCBS计划有效地解决未满足的护理需求,并延迟老年人的功能衰退.
- 针对性支持对于独自生活的老年人来说至关重要,以减少功能限制方面的不平等.
- 政策影响建议改进HCBS以满足各种需求并确保公平获得护理.
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