灵长类动物中的古典干的进化约束与它们在中枢神经系统中的表达有关
Max Petersen1, Fredy Reyes-Vigil1, Marc Campo1
1Department of Natural Sciences, School of Health and Natural Sciences, Mercy University, Dobbs Ferry, New York, United States of America.
PloS one
|November 21, 2024
概括
经典卡德林 (CDH) 对于组织发育至关重要. 进化分析显示,CDH2,CDH4和II型CDH面临强烈的负面选择,特别是由于它们在中枢神经系统 (CNS) 中的作用.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 经典卡德林 (CDH) 是细胞粘附,形态发生和元动物信号传递至关重要的跨膜糖蛋白.
- CDH基因家族起源于多细胞性,并随着脊椎动物的进化而扩大.
- 基于它们的结合域结构,CDH被分为I型和II型.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究灵长类动物内cadherin orthologs的进化变化.
- 确定影响不同CDH成员选择性压力和进化约束的因素.
- 探索CDH表达水平,进化速率和功能角色之间的关系,特别是在中枢神经系统 (CNS).
主要方法:
- 在灵长类动物中对CDH正极的氨基酸替代和dN/dS比的比较分析.
- 基因基本性的评估基于生殖线删除对生存能力和表型的影响.
- 斯皮尔曼的相关性分析,以评估CDH表达水平 (E) 和老鼠和人类组织中的进化速率 (R) 之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 与CDH1,CDH3,CDH5和CDH19.19相比,CDH2,CDH4和大多数II型CDH的负选择性压力显著更高.
- 基因本质性与CDH基因中观察到的负选择水平没有相关性.
- 在大多数组织中,CDH表达水平和进化速率之间存在正相关性,除了中枢神经系统,它显示出显著的负相关性.
结论:
- 对CDH2,CDH4和大多数II型CDH的强烈负选择与它们在中枢神经系统形成和运作中的关键功能有关.
- 这些发现表明,对中枢神经系统表达的卡德林的选择性压力在塑造灵长类动物中枢神经系统进化的过程中发挥了作用.
- 这项研究强调了特定干素在神经发育和进化中的功能重要性.
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