两种进化时间尺度上的转录基因性冲突,由Caenorhabditis elegans的实验进化揭示
Katja R Kasimatis1, John H Willis1, Christine A Sedore1
1Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.
Genome biology and evolution
|November 21, 2024
概括
雄性线虫的性选择导致了特定性别的基因表达变化. 这导致了男性转录组的非女性化和女性转录组的男性化,影响了基因调控网络.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 生殖生物学 生殖生物学
背景情况:
- 性差异化的表型是由通过性别特异性基因调节的共享基因组产生的.
- 共享遗传物质意味着一种性别的选择可以间接影响另一种性别,可能改变基因表达和调节网络.
研究的目的:
- 调查男性的直接性选择与由此产生的两性转录组反应之间的联系.
- 为了确定种植后的生殖特征在多大程度上在Caenorhabditis elegans的两性之间具有共同的遗传基础.
主要方法:
- 在线虫Caenorhabditis elegans的实验进化.
- 在性选择下对男性和女性基因表达差异的分析.
- 转录原子变化的微进化时间尺度分析.
主要成果:
- 差异性基因表达在男性中以特定性别的方式进化,间接选择驱动女性反应.
- 大多数差异表达的基因在两性中都被下调.
- 在男性 (97%) 和女性 (69%) 中,高比例的差异性表达基因保留了野生类型的女性偏差表达特征.
- 基因表达的变化主要由共享的转基因作用途径介导.
结论:
- 对男性精子竞争能力的直接性选择驱动了男性的转录组"脱女性化"和女性的"男性化".
- 性选择可以在短的进化时间范围内迅速诱导基因表达模式中的性冲突.
- 核心剂量补偿机制不受实验演变的影响.
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