限制进入和损害美国州立法机构的室内晒设施的法案,1992年至2023年
David B Buller1, Julia Berteletti1, Carolyn Heckman1
1David B. Buller, Julia Berteletti, and Irene Adjei are with Klein Buendel Inc, Golden, CO. Carolyn Heckman and Anna Mitarotondo are with the Rutgers Cancer Institute, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ. Kevin R. J. Schroth is with the School of Public Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick. Alan C. Geller is with the T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA. Jerod L. Stapleton is with the College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington. Samantha R. Guild is with the AIM at Melanoma Foundation, Frisco, TX. Jeffrey E. Gershenwald is with the M D Andersen Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston. Robert Dellavalle is with the Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis. Sherry Pagoto is with the Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs.
监管室内晒的州法律各不相同,而已颁布的法律更为严格. 政党领导层影响这些制法规的通过和限制.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生法 公共卫生法
- 卫生政策研究 卫生政策研究
背景情况:
- 室内日与健康风险有关,这促使立法采取行动.
- 室内日设施的监管随着时间的推移而演变.
- 了解立法趋势和政治影响对于公共卫生至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析有关室内制的州立法的进展,内容和严格性.
- 检查政党领导层与室内日法律之间的关联.
- 评估立法努力对室内制法规的影响.
主要方法:
- 法律绘图方法被用来编码关于室内制的立法法案.
- 综合得分是根据规定 (年龄限制,警告,操作员要求,执法) 的严格度计算出来的.
- 评估了法案赞助方党派关系,立法机构多数和法案结果之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 在1992年至2023年期间,在49个州和华盛顿特区提出了184项法案,其中56项已成为法律.
- 在22个州和华盛顿特区颁布了18岁以下的禁令.
- 政治党派关系影响了法案的通过和年龄限制的严格性.
结论:
- 制定室内日立法可能是一个漫长的过程,通常需要多个法案的介绍.
- 与失败的法案相比,颁布的法律表现出更大的严格性.
- 调查结果表明,越来越多的人支持更严格的室内制法规,这可能会影响未来的州和联邦政策.
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